Lindholm C, Salomaa S, Tekkel M, Paile W, Koivistoinen A, Ilus T, Veidebaum T
Finnish Centre for Radiation and Nuclear Safety, Department of Research, Helsinki, Finland.
Int J Radiat Biol. 1996 Dec;70(6):647-56. doi: 10.1080/095530096144527.
A 137Cs source was stolen from a radioactive waste depository in Estonia on 21 October 1994 and kept in a private house for 4 weeks. This resulted in the death of one person, acute radiation injuries to four people and exposure of several other people to lower doses of radiation. Analysis of chromosomal aberrations in peripheral blood lymphocytes was used in the assessment of radiation exposure of 18 people involved in the accident. Dose estimation assessment based on the frequencies of dicentric chromosomes was performed both by the standard method and by considering possible dose protraction and non-uniform exposure. Considerable differences in dose estimates were obtained depending on the approach used, ranging from about 1 Gy to almost 3 Gy in the patients most heavily exposed. In view of the deterministic health effects observed in some of the subjects, it was concluded that the dose estimates involving information on dose protraction were more realistic than those obtained by comparison with the standard high dose-rate calibration curve. Chromosome painting analyses using fluorescence in situ hybridization, with a probe cocktail for chromosomes 1, 2 and 4 and centromere detection, were performed in parallel. Good agreement on dicentric chromosome frequencies was observed between the conventional and painting analyses. The frequencies of complete translocations were comparable with the frequencies of dicentric chromosomes. In addition to the complete translocations, a pronounced increase in the frequency of incomplete translocations was observed. Dose estimates performed on the basis of FISH translocation frequencies were consistent with the dicentric analysis.
1994年10月21日，爱沙尼亚一个放射性废物储存库的一枚137铯源被盗，并被存放在一所私人住宅中达4周之久。这导致1人死亡，4人受到急性辐射伤害，另有数人受到较低剂量辐射。对18名事故相关人员的辐射暴露评估采用了外周血淋巴细胞染色体畸变分析。基于双着丝粒染色体频率的剂量估计评估既采用了标准方法，也考虑了可能的剂量迁延和非均匀暴露。根据所采用的方法，剂量估计存在相当大的差异，在暴露最严重的患者中，剂量估计范围从约1戈瑞到近3戈瑞不等。鉴于在一些受试者中观察到的确定性健康影响，得出的结论是，包含剂量迁延信息的剂量估计比通过与标准高剂量率校准曲线比较获得的剂量估计更现实。同时进行了染色体涂染分析，使用荧光原位杂交技术，用针对1号、2号和4号染色体的探针混合物和着丝粒检测方法。在传统分析和涂染分析之间，双着丝粒染色体频率观察到良好的一致性。完全易位的频率与双着丝粒染色体的频率相当。除了完全易位外，还观察到不完全易位的频率显著增加。基于荧光原位杂交易位频率进行的剂量估计与双着丝粒分析结果一致。
