J Sch Health. 1997 Jan;67(1):9-26. doi: 10.1111/j.1746-1561.1997.tb06289.x.
Healthy eating patterns in childhood and adolescence promote optimal childhood health, growth, and intellectual development; prevent immediate health problems, such as iron deficiency anemia, obesity, eating disorders, and dental caries; and may prevent long-term health problems, such as coronary heart disease, cancer, and stroke. School health programs can help children and adolescents attain full educational potential and good health by providing them with the skills, social support, and environmental reinforcement they need to adopt long-term, healthy eating behaviors. This report summarizes strategies most likely to be effective in promoting healthy eating among school-age youths and provides nutrition education guidelines for a comprehensive school health program. These guidelines are based on a review of research, theory, and current practice, and they were developed by CDC in collaboration with experts from universities and from national, federal, and voluntary agencies. The guidelines include recommendations on seven aspects of a school-based program to promote healthy eating: school policy on nutrition, a sequential, coordinated curriculum, appropriate instruction for students, integration of school food service and nutrition education, staff training, family and community involvement, and program evaluation.
儿童期和青少年期的健康饮食模式可促进儿童最佳健康、成长和智力发育；预防缺铁性贫血、肥胖、饮食失调和龋齿等近期健康问题；还可能预防冠心病、癌症和中风等长期健康问题。学校健康计划可以通过为儿童和青少年提供采取长期健康饮食行为所需的技能、社会支持和环境强化措施，帮助他们充分发挥教育潜力并保持良好健康状态。本报告总结了在促进学龄青年健康饮食方面最有可能有效的策略，并为全面的学校健康计划提供营养教育指南。这些指南基于对研究、理论和当前实践的审查，由美国疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）与来自大学以及国家、联邦和志愿机构的专家合作制定。指南包括关于以学校为基础的促进健康饮食计划七个方面的建议：学校营养政策、循序渐进且协调一致的课程、对学生的适当指导、学校食品服务与营养教育的整合、员工培训、家庭和社区参与以及计划评估。
