Saugy M, Cardis C, Schweizer C, Veuthey J L, Rivier L
Unité d'Analyse du Dopage, Institute of Legal Medecine, University of Lausanne, Switzerland.
J Chromatogr B Biomed Appl. 1996 Dec 6;687(1):201-11. doi: 10.1016/s0378-4347(96)00331-3.
The misuse of human growth hormone (hGH) in sport is deemed to be unethical and dangerous because of various adverse effects. Thus, it has been added to the International Olympic Committee list of banned substances. Until now, the very low concentration of hGH in the urine made its measurement difficult using classical methodology. Indeed, for routine diagnosis, only plasma measurements were available. However, unlike blood samples, urine is generally provided in abundant quantities and is, at present, the only body fluid allowed to be analysed in sport doping controls. A recently developed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Norditest) makes it now possible, without any extraction, to measure urinary hGH (u-hGH) in a dynamic range of 2-50 ng hGH/l. In our protocol, untreated and treated non-athlete volunteers were followed. Some of them received therapeutical doses of recombinant hGH (Norditropin) for one week either intramuscularly (three increasing doses) or subcutaneously (12 i.u. every day). The u-hGH excretion after treatment showed dramatic increases of 50-100 times the basal values and returned to almost the mean normal level after 24 h. u-hGH was also measured in samples provided by the anti-doping controls at major and minor competitions. Depending on the type of efforts made during the competition, the hGH concentration in urine was dramatically increased. Insulin-like growth factor binding proteins and beta 2-microglobulins in urine and/or in blood could be necessary for the correct investigation of any hGH doping test procedure.
由于存在各种不良影响，在体育界滥用人生长激素（hGH）被视为不道德且危险的行为。因此，它已被列入国际奥委会的禁用物质清单。到目前为止，尿液中hGH的浓度极低，使用传统方法难以对其进行测量。实际上，对于常规诊断，仅能进行血浆测量。然而，与血液样本不同，尿液通常大量提供，并且目前是体育兴奋剂检测中唯一允许分析的体液。最近开发的一种酶联免疫吸附测定法（Norditest）现在使得无需任何提取操作，就能在2 - 50 ng hGH/升的动态范围内测量尿hGH（u - hGH）。在我们的实验方案中，对未接受治疗和接受治疗的非运动员志愿者进行了跟踪观察。他们中的一些人接受了治疗剂量的重组hGH（诺德人体生长激素），为期一周，给药方式为肌肉注射（分三次递增剂量）或皮下注射（每天12国际单位）。治疗后u - hGH排泄量显示出比基础值急剧增加了50 - 100倍，并在24小时后几乎恢复到正常平均水平。在主要和次要比赛的反兴奋剂检测提供的样本中也测量了u - hGH。根据比赛期间所做努力的类型，尿液中hGH浓度会急剧增加。尿液和/或血液中的胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白以及β2 - 微球蛋白可能对于正确调查任何hGH兴奋剂检测程序是必要的。
