注射吸毒者中与艾滋病相关行为改变的保护作用：一项跨国研究。世界卫生组织艾滋病与注射吸毒多中心研究。
The protective effect of AIDS-related behavioral change among injection drug users: a cross-national study. WHO Multi-Centre Study of AIDS and Injecting Drug Use.
作者信息
Des Jarlais D C, Friedmann P, Hagan H, Friedman S R
机构信息
Chemical Dependency Institute, Beth Israel Medical Center, New York, NY 10003, USA.
出版信息
Am J Public Health. 1996 Dec;86(12):1780-5. doi: 10.2105/ajph.86.12.1780.
OBJECTIVE
This study assessed the relationship between self-reported acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) behavioral change and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) serostatus among injection drug users.
METHODS
The study sample involved 4419 injection drug users recruited from drug abuse treatment and nontreatment settings in 11 cities in North America, South America, Europe, Asia, and Australia. The World Health Organization multisite risk behavior questionnaire was used, and either blood or saliva samples for HIV testing were obtained. Subjects were asked, "Since you first heard about AIDS, have you done anything to avoid getting AIDS?"
RESULTS
The protective odds ratio for behavioral change against being infected with HIV was 0.50 (95% confidence interval = 0.42, 0.59). While there was important variation across sites, the relationship remained consistent across both demographic and drug use history subgroups.
CONCLUSIONS
Injection drug users are capable of modifying their HIV risk behaviors and reporting accurately on behavioral changes. These behavioral changes are associated with their avoidance of HIV infection.
目的
本研究评估了注射吸毒者自我报告的获得性免疫缺陷综合征（艾滋病）行为变化与人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）血清学状态之间的关系。
方法
研究样本包括从北美、南美、欧洲、亚洲和澳大利亚11个城市的药物滥用治疗机构和非治疗机构招募的4419名注射吸毒者。使用世界卫生组织多地点风险行为调查问卷，并采集血液或唾液样本进行HIV检测。受试者被问及：“自从你第一次听说艾滋病以来，你有没有采取任何措施来避免感染艾滋病？”
结果
行为改变对感染HIV的保护比值比为0.50（95%置信区间=0.42，0.59）。虽然各地点存在重要差异，但在人口统计学和吸毒史亚组中，这种关系仍然一致。
结论
注射吸毒者有能力改变其HIV风险行为，并准确报告行为变化。这些行为变化与他们避免感染HIV有关。
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