Schupp H T, Cuthbert B N, Bradley M M, Birbaumer N, Lang P J
University of Florida, Gainesville, USA.
Psychophysiology. 1997 Jan;34(1):1-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8986.1997.tb02409.x.
Two concurrent measures of the evoked startle response, the elicited blink reflex and the event-related potential, were measured while individuals viewed pictures that varied in pleasure and arousal. Replicating previous findings, the blink response was modulated by picture pleasantness, with larger reflexes elicited in the context of viewing unpleasant versus pleasant pictures. However, the probe P3 was primarily modulated by picture arousal, with smaller P3 responses elicited when viewing affective (pleasant or unpleasant) than when viewing neutral pictures. Both modulatory effects were sustained for probes presented in a subsequent picture imagery period. These data suggest that two measurable responses to the same startle probe are differentially modified by emotional context, with blink magnitude varying with pleasure and probe P3 varying with stimulus arousal.
在个体观看愉悦度和唤醒度不同的图片时，对诱发惊吓反应的两种同步测量方法，即诱发眨眼反射和事件相关电位进行了测量。重复先前的研究结果，眨眼反应受图片愉悦度调节，观看不愉快图片时比观看愉快图片时诱发的反射更大。然而，探测P3主要受图片唤醒度调节，观看情感性（愉快或不愉快）图片时诱发的P3反应比观看中性图片时更小。这两种调节效应在随后的图片想象阶段呈现的探测中持续存在。这些数据表明，对同一惊吓探测的两种可测量反应会因情绪背景而受到不同程度的改变，眨眼幅度随愉悦度变化，而探测P3随刺激唤醒度变化。
