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1
Sequence-independent inhibition of RNA transcription by DNA dumbbells and other decoys.DNA哑铃和其他诱饵对RNA转录的序列非依赖性抑制
Nucleic Acids Res. 1997 Feb 1;25(3):575-81. doi: 10.1093/nar/25.3.575.
2
Ex vivo regulation of specific gene expression by nanomolar concentration of double-stranded dumbbell oligonucleotides.通过纳摩尔浓度的双链哑铃状寡核苷酸对特定基因表达进行体外调控。
Nucleic Acids Res. 1993 Jul 25;21(15):3405-11. doi: 10.1093/nar/21.15.3405.
3
Sequence-specific inhibition of a transcription factor by circular dumbbell DNA oligonucleotides.环状哑铃状DNA寡核苷酸对转录因子的序列特异性抑制作用。
FEBS Lett. 1999 Nov 19;461(3):136-40. doi: 10.1016/s0014-5793(99)01450-7.
4
Regulatory factor-X binding to mutant HLA-DRA promoter sequences.调节因子X与突变型HLA - DRA启动子序列的结合。
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5
Formation of a regulatory factor X/X2 box-binding protein/nuclear factor-Y multiprotein complex on the conserved regulatory regions of HLA class II genes.在人类白细胞抗原II类基因的保守调控区域形成一种调节因子X/X2盒结合蛋白/核因子-Y多蛋白复合物。
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J Mol Biol. 1997 Jul 18;270(3):336-45. doi: 10.1006/jmbi.1997.1121.
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Purified X2 binding protein (X2BP) cooperatively binds the class II MHC X box region in the presence of purified RFX, the X box factor deficient in the bare lymphocyte syndrome.纯化的X2结合蛋白（X2BP）在纯化的RFX（裸淋巴细胞综合征中缺乏的X盒因子）存在的情况下协同结合II类MHC X盒区域。
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Two B cell factors bind the HLA-DRA X box region and recognize different subsets of HLA class II promoters.两种B细胞因子结合HLA - DRA X盒区域并识别HLA II类启动子的不同亚群。
Nucleic Acids Res. 1991 Nov 25;19(22):6269-76. doi: 10.1093/nar/19.22.6269.
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Protease treatment of nuclear extracts distinguishes between class II MHC X1 box DNA-binding proteins in wild-type and class II-deficient B cells.用蛋白酶处理核提取物可区分野生型和Ⅱ类缺陷型B细胞中的Ⅱ类主要组织相容性复合体X1框DNA结合蛋白。
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10
RFX1, a single DNA-binding protein with a split dimerization domain, generates alternative complexes.RFX1是一种具有分裂二聚化结构域的单一DNA结合蛋白，可产生不同的复合物。
J Biol Chem. 1998 Sep 18;273(38):24504-12. doi: 10.1074/jbc.273.38.24504.

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本文引用的文献

1
The function of the octamer-binding site in the DRA promoter.DRA启动子中八聚体结合位点的功能。
Immunogenetics. 1996;43(1-2):20-6. doi: 10.1007/BF00186600.
2
The major histocompatibility complex class II promoter-binding protein RFX (NF-X) is a methylated DNA-binding protein.主要组织相容性复合体II类启动子结合蛋白RFX（NF-X）是一种甲基化DNA结合蛋白。
Mol Cell Biol. 1993 Nov;13(11):6810-8. doi: 10.1128/mcb.13.11.6810-6818.1993.
3
RFX1 is identical to enhancer factor C and functions as a transactivator of the hepatitis B virus enhancer.RFX1与增强子因子C相同，并作为乙肝病毒增强子的反式激活因子发挥作用。
Mol Cell Biol. 1993 Oct;13(10):6375-84. doi: 10.1128/mcb.13.10.6375-6384.1993.
4
RFX1, a transactivator of hepatitis B virus enhancer I, belongs to a novel family of homodimeric and heterodimeric DNA-binding proteins.RFX1是乙肝病毒增强子I的反式激活因子，属于一个由同二聚体和异二聚体DNA结合蛋白组成的新家族。
Mol Cell Biol. 1994 Feb;14(2):1230-44. doi: 10.1128/mcb.14.2.1230-1244.1994.
5
Sequence-specific interaction of alpha-beta-anomeric double-stranded DNA with the p50 subunit of NF kappa B: application to the decoy approach.α-β-异头双链DNA与核因子κB的p50亚基的序列特异性相互作用：诱饵法的应用
Nucleic Acids Res. 1994 Aug 11;22(15):3069-74. doi: 10.1093/nar/22.15.3069.
6
Effect of phosphorothioate modification of oligodeoxynucleotides on specific protein binding.寡脱氧核苷酸的硫代磷酸酯修饰对特异性蛋白质结合的影响。
J Biol Chem. 1994 Oct 28;269(43):26801-5.
7
Application of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to the microscopically identified cells on the slides: evaluation of specificity and sensitivity of single cell PCR.聚合酶链反应（PCR）在玻片上显微镜鉴定细胞中的应用：单细胞PCR特异性和敏感性的评估
Acta Med Okayama. 1994 Aug;48(4):189-93. doi: 10.18926/AMO/31091.
8
A novel DNA-binding regulatory factor is mutated in primary MHC class II deficiency (bare lymphocyte syndrome).一种新型的DNA结合调节因子在原发性MHC II类缺陷（裸淋巴细胞综合征）中发生突变。
Genes Dev. 1995 May 1;9(9):1021-32. doi: 10.1101/gad.9.9.1021.
9
Inhibition of T4 polynucleotide kinase activity by phosphorothioate and chimeric oligodeoxynucleotides.硫代磷酸酯和嵌合寡脱氧核苷酸对T4多核苷酸激酶活性的抑制作用。
Antisense Res Dev. 1994 Winter;4(4):295-7. doi: 10.1089/ard.1994.4.295.
10
Ex vivo regulation of specific gene expression by nanomolar concentration of double-stranded dumbbell oligonucleotides.通过纳摩尔浓度的双链哑铃状寡核苷酸对特定基因表达进行体外调控。
Nucleic Acids Res. 1993 Jul 25;21(15):3405-11. doi: 10.1093/nar/21.15.3405.

DNA哑铃和其他诱饵对RNA转录的序列非依赖性抑制

Sequence-independent inhibition of RNA transcription by DNA dumbbells and other decoys.

作者信息

Lim C S, Jabrane-Ferrat N, Fontes J D, Okamoto H, Garovoy M R, Peterlin B M, Hunt C A

机构信息

Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143-0446, USA.

出版信息

Nucleic Acids Res. 1997 Feb 1;25(3):575-81. doi: 10.1093/nar/25.3.575.

DOI:10.1093/nar/25.3.575
PMID:9016598
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC146464/
Abstract

DNA dumbbells are stable, short segments of double-stranded DNA with closed nucleotide loops on each end, conferring resistance to exonucleases. Dumbbells may be designed to interact with transcription factors in a sequence-specific manner. The internal based paired sequence of DNA dumbbells in this study contains the X-box, a positive regulatory motif found in all MHC class II DRA promoters. In electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSAs), dumbbells and other oligonucleotides ('decoys') with the core X-box sequence were found to compete with the native strand for binding to X-box binding proteins (including RFX1). However, only the X-box dumbbell was capable of forming detectable complexes with such proteins using EMSA. In a model cell system, dumbbells were tested for their ability to block RFX1VP16 activation of a plasmid containing multiple repeats of the X-box linked to the CAT gene. While it appeared that dumbbells could block this activation, the effect was non-specific. This and further evidence suggests an inhibition of transcription, most likely via an interaction with the general transcriptional machinery.

摘要

DNA哑铃是稳定的双链DNA短片段，两端带有封闭的核苷酸环，赋予其对外切核酸酶的抗性。哑铃可设计成以序列特异性方式与转录因子相互作用。本研究中DNA哑铃的内部碱基配对序列包含X盒，这是在所有MHC II类DRA启动子中发现的一个正向调控基序。在电泳迁移率变动分析（EMSA）中，发现带有核心X盒序列的哑铃和其他寡核苷酸（“诱饵”）与天然链竞争结合X盒结合蛋白（包括RFX1）。然而，只有X盒哑铃能够使用EMSA与这类蛋白形成可检测到的复合物。在一个模型细胞系统中，测试了哑铃阻断RFX1VP16对含有与CAT基因相连的多个X盒重复序列的质粒激活的能力。虽然看起来哑铃可以阻断这种激活，但这种效应是非特异性的。这一现象及进一步的证据表明存在转录抑制，最有可能是通过与通用转录机制的相互作用实现的。