关于适应性突变的特异性。
On the specificity of adaptive mutations.
作者信息
Hall B G
机构信息
Biology Department, University of Rochester, New York 14627, USA.
出版信息
Genetics. 1997 Jan;145(1):39-44. doi: 10.1093/genetics/145.1.39.
Adaptive mutations are mutations that occur in nondividing or slowly dividing cells during prolonged nonlethal selection, and that appear to be specific to the challenge of the selection in the sense that the only mutations that arise are those that provide a growth advantage to the cell. The issue of the specificity has been controversial because it violates our most basic assumptions about the randomness of mutations with respect to their effect on the cell. Although a variety of experiments in several systems in both bacteria and yeast have claimed to demonstrate that specificity, those experiments have been subjected to a variety of technical criticisms suggesting that the specificity may not be real. Here I use the ebg system to provide evidence that when selection is applied to one specific nucleotide site within a gene, mutation occurs at that site but not at an alternative and equally mutable site within the same gene.
适应性突变是指在长时间非致死性选择过程中发生在不分裂或缓慢分裂细胞中的突变，并且从某种意义上来说，这些突变似乎是针对选择挑战具有特异性的，即出现的唯一突变是那些为细胞提供生长优势的突变。特异性问题一直存在争议，因为它违背了我们关于突变对细胞影响的随机性的最基本假设。尽管在细菌和酵母的多个系统中进行的各种实验都声称证明了这种特异性，但这些实验受到了各种技术批评，表明这种特异性可能并不真实。在这里，我使用ebg系统来提供证据，证明当对基因内的一个特定核苷酸位点进行选择时，突变发生在该位点，而不是同一基因内的另一个同等易变的位点。
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