Kronfol Z, Nair M, Zhang Q, Hill E E, Brown M B
Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor 48109-0722, USA.
Psychosom Med. 1997 Jan-Feb;59(1):42-50. doi: 10.1097/00006842-199701000-00006.
The purpose of this study is to examine the circadian pattern of specific immunologic measures and to compare observed circadian rhythms of these measures with the well-established circadian rhythms of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis hormones and sympathetic neurotransmitters.
Blood samples were collected every 2 hours for a total of 24 hours from nine healthy volunteers. The blood samples were assayed for hormones and immune measures, including adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), cortisol, norepinephrine, and epinephrine. The immune measures included percentage and absolute number of neutrophils, lymphocytes, the lymphocyte subsets CD3+ (T cells), CD4+ (T helper/inducer), CD8+ (T suppressor/cytotoxic), CD56+ (natural killer [NK] cells) and NK cell activity (NKCA).
The following immune measures exhibited a significant circadian rhythm: the percentages of neutrophils, CD4+ cells, and CD56+ cells; the absolute numbers of total lymphocytes, CD3+ cells, CD4+ cells, and CD8+ cells; and NKCA. Cross-correlations between the circadian rhythms of selected hormones and immune measures indicated a strong inverse association between the circadian rhythms of cortisol and the different T cell subsets on the one hand, and a strong direct association between the rhythms of cortisol and the percentage of CD56+ and NKCA on the other. Cross-correlations involving the circadian rhythms of norepinephrine and the same immune measures were in general much weaker and statistically nonsignificant.
In healthy individuals, both enumerative and functional immune measures exhibit circadian rhythms that seem to be associated most closely with the circadian rhythm of cortisol.
本研究旨在检测特定免疫指标的昼夜节律，并将这些指标观察到的昼夜节律与下丘脑 - 垂体 - 肾上腺轴激素和交感神经递质已明确的昼夜节律进行比较。
从9名健康志愿者身上每2小时采集一次血样，共采集24小时。对血样进行激素和免疫指标检测，包括促肾上腺皮质激素（ACTH）、皮质醇、去甲肾上腺素和肾上腺素。免疫指标包括中性粒细胞、淋巴细胞的百分比和绝对数量，淋巴细胞亚群CD3 +（T细胞）、CD4 +（辅助性/诱导性T细胞）、CD8 +（抑制性/细胞毒性T细胞）、CD56 +（自然杀伤细胞[NK细胞]）以及NK细胞活性（NKCA）。
以下免疫指标呈现出显著的昼夜节律：中性粒细胞、CD4 +细胞和CD56 +细胞的百分比；总淋巴细胞、CD3 +细胞、CD4 +细胞和CD8 +细胞的绝对数量；以及NKCA。所选激素和免疫指标的昼夜节律之间的交叉相关性表明，一方面皮质醇的昼夜节律与不同T细胞亚群之间存在强烈的负相关，另一方面皮质醇的节律与CD56 +细胞百分比和NKCA之间存在强烈的正相关。涉及去甲肾上腺素昼夜节律和相同免疫指标间的交叉相关性一般要弱得多且无统计学意义。
在健康个体中，免疫指标的计数和功能均呈现昼夜节律，且这些节律似乎与皮质醇的昼夜节律最为密切相关。
