Tsetsonis N V, Hardman A E, Mastana S S
Department of Physical Education, Loughborough University, United Kingdom.
Am J Clin Nutr. 1997 Feb;65(2):525-33. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/65.2.525.
Repeated episodes of exaggerated postprandial lipemia may hasten the progression of atherosclerosis. The purpose of this study was to compare the lipemic response to a high-fat meal in trained and untrained women in the presence and absence of the acute effects of exercise. Nine endurance-trained and thirteen untrained women aged 40.4 +/- 3.3 and 43.8 +/- 4.3 y (mean +/- SD), with maximal oxygen uptake of 50.3 +/- 5.9 and 31.7 +/- 3.6 mL.kg-1.min-1, and a body mass index (kg/m2) of 22.2 +/- 0.9 and 22.9 +/- 2.3, respectively, underwent two trials, each over 2 d. Subjects did not exercise during the 2 d leading up to a trial. On day 1 they either walked for 90 min at 60% of maximal oxygen uptake (exercise), or refrained from exercise (control). On day 2 venous blood and expired air samples were obtained in the fasted state and for 6 h after consumption of a high-fat meal (1.70 g fat, 1.65 g carbohydrate, and 0.25 g protein/kg fat-free mass). Exercise decreased lipemia as determined by the mean (+/-SEM) area under the plasma triacylglycerol concentration versus time curve: trained, 6.96 +/- 0.48 compared with 4.87 +/- 0.33 mmol.h/L; untrained, 8.36 +/- 0.83 compared with 7.01 +/- 0.79 mmol.h/L (control and exercise trials, respectively, both P < 0.05). Lipemia differed significantly between groups in the presence of this acute effect of exercise but not in its absence. Exercise decreased insulinemia in trained women (543 +/- 25 compared with 433 +/- 24 pmol.h/L, P < 0.01) but had no effect in untrained women (592 +/- 34 compared with 585 +/- 47 pmol.h/L). Total oxidation of fat over the 6-h postprandial period was enhanced by exercise, and to a similar degree in each group of women.
反复出现的餐后高血脂发作可能会加速动脉粥样硬化的进展。本研究的目的是比较在有和没有运动急性效应的情况下，受过训练和未受过训练的女性对高脂餐的血脂反应。9名耐力训练的女性和13名未受过训练的女性，年龄分别为40.4±3.3岁和43.8±4.3岁（平均值±标准差），最大摄氧量分别为50.3±5.9和31.7±3.6 mL·kg-1·min-1，体重指数（kg/m2）分别为22.2±0.9和22.9±2.3，她们分别进行了两项试验，每项试验持续2天。在试验前的2天里，受试者不进行运动。第1天，她们要么以最大摄氧量的60%步行90分钟（运动组），要么不运动（对照组）。第2天，在空腹状态下以及食用高脂餐（1.70 g脂肪、1.65 g碳水化合物和0.25 g蛋白质/千克去脂体重）后6小时采集静脉血和呼出气体样本。通过血浆三酰甘油浓度与时间曲线下的平均（±标准误）面积确定，运动可降低血脂：训练组，6.96±0.48对比4.87±0.33 mmol·h/L；未训练组，8.36±0.83对比7.01±0.79 mmol·h/L（分别为对照组和运动组试验，P均<0.05）。在运动的这种急性效应存在时，两组之间的血脂有显著差异，但在不存在这种效应时则无差异。运动可降低训练有素女性的胰岛素血症（543±25对比433±24 pmol·h/L，P<0.01），但对未受过训练的女性没有影响（592±34对比585±47 pmol·h/L）。运动可增强餐后6小时内脂肪的总氧化，且在每组女性中程度相似。
