Schütz A, Bergdahl I A, Ekholm A, Skerfving S
Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Sweden.
Occup Environ Med. 1996 Nov;53(11):736-40. doi: 10.1136/oem.53.11.736.
To test a simple procedure for preparing samples for measurement of lead in blood plasma (P-Pb) and whole blood (B-Pb) by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), to measure P-Pb and B-Pb in lead workers and controls, and to evaluate any differences in the relation between B-Pb and P-Pb between people.
P-Pb and B-Pb were measured by ICP-MS in 43 male lead smelter workers and seven controls without occupational exposure to lead. For analysis, plasma and whole blood were diluted 1 in 4 and 1 in 9, respectively, with a diluted ammonia solution containing Triton-X 100 and EDTA. The samples were handled under routine laboratory conditions, without clean room facilities.
P-Pb was measured with good precision (CV = 5%) even at concentrations present in the controls. Freeze storage of the samples had no effect on the results. The detection limit was 0.015 microgram/l. The P-Pb was 0.15 (range 0.1-0.3) microgram/l in controls and 1.2 (0.3-3.6) micrograms/l in lead workers, although the corresponding B-Pbs were 40 (24-59) micrograms/l and 281 (60-530) micrograms/l (1 microgram Pb/I = 4.8 nmol/l). B-Pb was closely associated with P-Pb (r = 0.90). The association was evidently non-linear; the ratio B-Pb/P-Pb decreased with increasing P-Pb.
By means of ICP-MS and a simple dilution procedure, P-Pb may be measured accurately and with good precision down to concentrations present in controls. Contamination of blood at sampling and analysis is no major problem. With increasing P-Pb, the percentage of lead in plasma increases. In studies of lead toxicity, P-Pb should be considered as a complement to current indicators of lead exposure and risk.
测试一种通过电感耦合等离子体质谱法（ICP-MS）制备用于测量血浆铅（P-Pb）和全血铅（B-Pb）样本的简单程序，测量铅作业工人和对照组的P-Pb和B-Pb，并评估不同人群中B-Pb与P-Pb关系的差异。
采用ICP-MS对43名男性铅冶炼工人和7名无职业性铅接触的对照组人员测量P-Pb和B-Pb。分析时，分别用含Triton-X 100和EDTA的稀氨溶液将血浆和全血按1:4和1:9稀释。样本在常规实验室条件下处理，无需洁净室设施。
即使在对照组样本的浓度水平下，P-Pb的测量精度也很高（CV = 5%）。样本冷冻保存对结果无影响。检测限为0.015微克/升。对照组的P-Pb为0.15（范围0.1 - 0.3）微克/升，铅作业工人为1.2（0.3 - 3.6）微克/升，而相应的B-Pb分别为40（24 - 59）微克/升和281（60 - 530）微克/升（1微克铅/升 = 4.8纳摩尔/升）。B-Pb与P-Pb密切相关（r = 0.90）。这种相关性明显是非线性的；B-Pb/P-Pb比值随P-Pb升高而降低。
通过ICP-MS和简单的稀释程序，可精确测量低至对照组样本浓度水平的P-Pb。采样和分析过程中的血液污染并非主要问题。随着P-Pb升高，血浆中铅的百分比增加。在铅毒性研究中，P-Pb应被视为当前铅暴露和风险指标的补充。
