Gimeno S G, de Souza J M
Department of Preventive Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, Brazil.
Diabetes Care. 1997 Aug;20(8):1256-60. doi: 10.2337/diacare.20.8.1256.
To test the hypothesis that breast-feeding is a protective factor against IDDM and that early exposure to cow's milk is a risk factor for the disease.
A case-control study was conducted in São Paulo, Brazil. A total of 346 diabetic children, aged < 18 years, were identified in two institutions in the city of São Paulo. Duration of exclusive breast-feeding and age of introduction to cow's milk products in infant diet were compared with 346 sex-, age-, and neighborhood-matched control children. All comparisons between diabetic and control children were done using paired tests.
Statistically significant differences were found for the duration of exclusive breast-feeding (P = 0.007) and for the age of introduction to cow's milk products (P = 0.047). Control children had a longer time of exclusive breast-feeding and had received cow's milk later in their diet than the case children.
The results suggest that a shorter duration of exclusive breast-feeding is a risk factor for IDDM (odds ratio [OR] 2.13; 95% CI 1.8-3.55) and that the introduction to cow's milk products before age 8 days is a risk factor for the disease.
检验母乳喂养是预防胰岛素依赖型糖尿病（IDDM）的保护因素，而早期接触牛奶是该疾病危险因素这一假设。
在巴西圣保罗进行了一项病例对照研究。在圣保罗市的两家机构中识别出了346名18岁以下的糖尿病儿童。将纯母乳喂养的持续时间以及婴儿饮食中引入牛奶制品的年龄与346名性别、年龄和居住社区匹配的对照儿童进行比较。糖尿病儿童与对照儿童之间的所有比较均采用配对检验。
在纯母乳喂养持续时间（P = 0.007）和引入牛奶制品的年龄（P = 0.047）方面发现了具有统计学意义的差异。对照儿童纯母乳喂养的时间更长，且在饮食中摄入牛奶的时间比病例儿童更晚。
结果表明，纯母乳喂养持续时间较短是IDDM的一个危险因素（优势比[OR] 2.13；95%置信区间1.8 - 3.55），并且在8日龄之前引入牛奶制品是该疾病的一个危险因素。
