Tyc V L, Mulhern R K, Bieberich A A
Division of Psychology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38101-0318, USA.
J Dev Behav Pediatr. 1997 Feb;18(1):27-33. doi: 10.1097/00004703-199702000-00006.
We examined the influence of cognitive factors and conditioning variables on anticipatory nausea and vomiting symptoms (ANV) in 32 pediatric cancer patients with postchemotherapy nausea and vomiting (PNV) who received ondansetron. The patients were compared with 18 patients without ANV (NANV). Age, gender, history of motion sickness, aggressiveness of the chemotherapy, PNV severity, number of chemotherapy treatments, number, type, and efficacy of self-reported coping strategies, and expectations of severity of postchemotherapy symptoms failed to differentiate the ANV and NANV groups. The amount of subjective distress associated with nausea and vomiting was significantly greater in the ANV group. Among patients in whom ANV developed, level of distress and expectations of severity of postchemotherapy symptoms were positively correlated with the severity of ANV and PNV symptoms. Therefore, greater distress might increase the likelihood of ANV conditioning. Once ANV is conditioned, cognitive factors might influence the severity of symptoms.
我们研究了认知因素和调节变量对32名接受奥丹西隆治疗的化疗后恶心呕吐（PNV）的儿科癌症患者的预期性恶心和呕吐症状（ANV）的影响。将这些患者与18名无预期性恶心呕吐（NANV）的患者进行比较。年龄、性别、晕动病史、化疗的强度、PNV严重程度、化疗疗程数、自我报告的应对策略的数量、类型和效果，以及对化疗后症状严重程度的预期，均未能区分ANV组和NANV组。ANV组中与恶心和呕吐相关的主观痛苦程度明显更高。在发生ANV的患者中，痛苦程度和对化疗后症状严重程度的预期与ANV和PNV症状的严重程度呈正相关。因此，更大的痛苦可能会增加ANV形成条件反射的可能性。一旦ANV形成条件反射，认知因素可能会影响症状的严重程度。
