Noë R, Bshary R
Max-Planck-Institut für Verhaltensphysiologie, Starnberg, Germany.
Proc Biol Sci. 1997 Feb 22;264(1379):253-9. doi: 10.1098/rspb.1997.0036.
It is generally assumed that most primates live in monospecific or polyspecific groups because group living provides protection against predation, but hard evidence is scarce. We tested the antipredation hypothesis with observational and experimental data on mixed-species groups of red colobus (Procolobus badius) and diana monkeys (Cercopithecus diana) in the Taï National Park, Ivory Coast. Red colobus, but not diana monkeys, are frequently killed by cooperatively hunting chimpanzees. Association rates peaked during the chimpanzees' hunting season, as a result of changes in the behaviour of the red colobus. In addition, playbacks of recordings of chimpanzee sounds induced the formation of new associations and extended the duration of existing associations. No such effects were observed in reaction to control experiments and playbacks of leopard recordings.
一般认为，大多数灵长类动物生活在单物种或多物种群体中，因为群居能提供抵御捕食的保护，但确凿的证据却很少。我们利用在象牙海岸塔伊国家公园对红疣猴（Procolobus badius）和戴安娜猴（Cercopithecus diana）的混合物种群体进行观察和实验得到的数据，检验了抗捕食假说。红疣猴经常被合作狩猎的黑猩猩杀死，而戴安娜猴则不会。由于红疣猴行为的变化，在黑猩猩的狩猎季节，它们的关联率达到峰值。此外，播放黑猩猩声音的录音会促使新关联的形成，并延长现有关联的持续时间。在对照实验和播放豹的录音时未观察到此类影响。
