Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334 Moscow, Russia.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Apr 17;18(8):4283. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18084283.
Testing individual motivations for social activity in violation of the mandated lockdown regime is a challenging research topic for evolutionary psychology. To this purpose, we analyzed twenty popular weekly routes and the potential impact of sex and relationship status (single versus coupled) on the reported level of spatial-social activity during the quarantine in Russia between March and June 2020 ( = 492). Our study revealed a significant difference between men's and women's mobility: men, in general, tend to exhibit substantially higher spatial activity. The results have shown that individuals living on their own have more social interactions with friends and exhibit more profound spatial mobility via public transport. On the other hand, spatial activity of coupled individuals of both sexes were mostly devoted to solving a list of economic and matrimonial tasks. At the same time, men already cohabiting with a partner leave their homes for dating purposes more frequently than single men and women. We interpret these findings in the sense that both individual and sex-specific differences in observed sociality could be a result of a fine-tuned adaptive populational response to a contemporary virus threat, predominantly rooted in the evolution of behavioral strategies in the reproductive and economic spheres of each sex. Indeed, unlike women, coupled men have been preserving highly risky and intense social behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic.
在违反强制封锁制度的情况下，测试个人参与社交活动的动机，是进化心理学领域的一个具有挑战性的研究课题。为此，我们分析了二十条流行的每周路线，以及性别和关系状况（单身与已婚）对 2020 年 3 月至 6 月俄罗斯封城期间报告的空间社交活动水平的潜在影响（n=492）。我们的研究揭示了男性和女性的移动性之间存在显著差异：男性通常表现出更高的空间活跃度。结果表明，独居的个体与朋友的社交互动更多，通过公共交通工具的空间流动性更强。另一方面，两性已婚个体的空间活跃度主要用于解决一系列经济和婚姻任务。同时，已经与伴侣同居的男性外出约会的频率高于单身男性和女性。我们将这些发现解释为，观察到的社交行为中的个体和性别差异可能是对当代病毒威胁的一种精细适应的群体反应的结果，主要根植于每个性别在生殖和经济领域的行为策略的演化。事实上，与女性不同，已婚男性在 COVID-19 大流行期间一直保持着高风险和高强度的社交行为。
