Delport S D, Becker P J, Bergh A
Department of Paediatrica, Kalafong Hospital, Pretoria.
S Afr Med J. 1997 Jan;87(1):57-61.
To investigate the growth, early feeding practices and prevalence of infections in black infants.
Longitudinal study with prospective documentation of data.
Kalafong Hospital, Pretoria.
Term, appropriately grown infants with a positive rapid plasma reagin test on cord blood were enrolled. Infants who on follow-up did not have congenital syphilis were studied.
At birth the mean weight-for-age Z-scores corresponded with those of the National Center of Health Statistics (NCHS) reference population and increased during the first 3 months. A fall-off in growth performance in respect of weight gain occurred from 3 months and continued until 15 months when the study was terminated. At 6 and 12 months, 86% and 81% of infants respectively were receiving breast-milk. By 3 months, 78% of infants were receiving a supplementary food. At 9 months, 40% of infants had experienced an infection during the preceding 3 months. During the study, upper airway infections comprised 74% of all episodes of infection.
Compared with the NCHS reference population, black infants grow adequately during the first 3 months of life. This is followed by a persistent fall-off in growth performance associated with the introduction of supplementary food.
调查黑人婴儿的生长发育、早期喂养方式及感染患病率。
前瞻性记录数据的纵向研究。
比勒陀利亚卡拉方医院。
入选出生时体重与胎龄相符、脐血快速血浆反应素试验呈阳性的足月儿。对随访时未患先天性梅毒的婴儿进行研究。
出生时年龄别体重Z评分与美国国家卫生统计中心（NCHS）参考人群的评分相符，并在出生后的前3个月有所增加。3个月时体重增加方面的生长表现开始下降，并持续至研究结束时的15个月。6个月和12个月时，分别有86%和81%的婴儿接受母乳喂养。到3个月时，78%的婴儿开始添加辅食。9个月时，40%的婴儿在之前3个月内曾患感染。在研究期间，上呼吸道感染占所有感染发作的74%。
与NCHS参考人群相比，黑人婴儿在出生后的前3个月生长发育正常。随后，随着辅食的添加，生长表现持续下降。
