Wood P K, Sher K J, Erickson D J, DeBord K A
Psychology Department, University of Missouri, Columbia 65211, USA.
J Stud Alcohol. 1997 Mar;58(2):200-10. doi: 10.15288/jsa.1997.58.200.
The present article examines the relation of problematic alcohol use to collegiate academic problems based on a systematic assessment of problematic alcohol use and college transcript data. The degree to which this prospective association can be explained by reference to third variables is also explored. These third variables include: students' high school academic achievement and aptitude, concurrent drug use, participation in deviant behaviors and students' investment or participation in the college experience.
A sample of 444 (240 female) college freshman recruited for a longitudinal study of alcohol use was followed for 6 years. Alcohol and drug involvement, general deviance, academic investment, campus involvement and several background variables were assessed during the freshman year. Additional measures of high school aptitude and achievement as well as collegiate performance were calculated based on college transcript data from all institutions attended.
A latent variable structural equation model revealed that problematic alcohol use during the freshman year correlated +.32 with collegiate academic problems. No evidence was found for a unique association between the two constructs when additional constructs were included in the model. Specifically, the association was substantially reduced when preexisting student differences traditionally associated with academic failure in college were taken into account. The inclusion of concurrent drug use and deviance also resulted in a significant reduction in the magnitude of the association.
Although a substantial bivariate association exists between problematic alcohol use and academic problems during college, much of this association appears attributable to preexisting student differences on admission to college.
本文基于对问题饮酒的系统评估和大学成绩单数据，研究问题饮酒与大学学业问题之间的关系。还探讨了通过参考第三变量来解释这种前瞻性关联的程度。这些第三变量包括：学生的高中学习成绩和能力倾向、同时期的药物使用情况、参与越轨行为以及学生对大学经历的投入或参与度。
对444名（240名女性）参与酒精使用纵向研究的大学新生样本进行了6年的跟踪研究。在大学一年级时评估了酒精和药物使用情况、一般越轨行为、学业投入、校园参与度以及几个背景变量。根据学生就读过的所有院校的大学成绩单数据，计算了高中能力倾向和成绩以及大学表现的其他指标。
一个潜在变量结构方程模型显示，大学一年级时的问题饮酒与大学学业问题的相关性为 +0.32。当模型中纳入其他变量时，未发现这两个变量之间存在独特关联的证据。具体而言，当考虑到传统上与大学学业失败相关的学生既有差异时，这种关联大幅降低。纳入同时期的药物使用情况和越轨行为也导致关联程度显著降低。
尽管大学期间问题饮酒与学业问题之间存在显著的双变量关联，但这种关联很大程度上似乎归因于学生入学时已有的差异。
