Lehmann T, Besansky N J, Hawley W A, Fahey T G, Kamau L, Collins F H
Division of Parasitic Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Chamblee, GA 30341, USA.
Mol Ecol. 1997 Mar;6(3):243-53. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-294x.1997.00177.x.
The population genetic structure of the Anopheles gambiae in western Kenya was studied using length variation at five microsatellite loci and sequence variation in a 648-nt mtDNA fragment. Mosquitoes were collected from houses in villages spanning up to 50 km distance. The following questions were answered. (i) Are mosquitoes in a house more related genetically to each other than mosquitoes between houses? (ii) What degree of genetic differentiation occurs on these geographical scales? (iii) How consistent are the results obtained with both types of genetic markers? At the house level, no differentiation was detected by FST and RST, and the band sharing index test revealed no significant associations of alleles across loci. Likewise, indices of kinship based on mtDNA haplotypes in houses were even lower than in the pooled sample. Therefore, the hypothesis that mosquitoes in a house are more related genetically was rejected. At increasing geographical scales, microsatellite allele distributions were similar among all population samples and no subdivision of the gene pool was detected by FST or RST. Likewise, estimates of haplotype divergence of mtDNA between populations were not higher than the within population estimates, and mtDNA-based FST values were not significantly different from zero. That sequence variation in mtDNA provided matching results with microsatellite loci (while high genetic variation was observed in all loci), suggested that this pattern represents the whole genome. The minimum area associated with a deme of A. gambiae in western Kenya is therefore larger than 50 km in diameter.
利用五个微卫星位点的长度变异和一段648个核苷酸的线粒体DNA（mtDNA）片段的序列变异，对肯尼亚西部冈比亚按蚊的群体遗传结构进行了研究。蚊子采自相距达50公里的各个村庄的房屋。回答了以下问题。（i）同一房屋内的蚊子在遗传上是否比不同房屋间的蚊子彼此间关系更密切？（ii）在这些地理尺度上发生了何种程度的遗传分化？（iii）两种类型的遗传标记所获得的结果一致性如何？在房屋层面，FST和RST未检测到分化，且带型共享指数检验未显示位点间等位基因有显著关联。同样，基于房屋内mtDNA单倍型的亲缘指数甚至低于混合样本中的指数。因此，同一房屋内的蚊子在遗传上关系更密切这一假设被否定。在不断增大的地理尺度上，所有群体样本中的微卫星等位基因分布相似，FST或RST未检测到基因库的细分。同样，群体间mtDNA单倍型差异的估计值不高于群体内估计值，且基于mtDNA的FST值与零无显著差异。mtDNA的序列变异与微卫星位点提供了匹配结果（而在所有位点均观察到高遗传变异），这表明这种模式代表了整个基因组。因此，肯尼亚西部冈比亚按蚊一个同类群相关的最小区域直径大于50公里。
