Espinola E B, Dias R F, Mattei R, Carlini E A
Laboratório de Tecnologia Farmacêutica, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Brazil.
J Ethnopharmacol. 1997 Feb;55(3):223-9. doi: 10.1016/s0378-8741(96)01506-1.
Mice that ingested a suspension of guarana (Paullinia cupana, Sapindaceae) in a dose of 0.3 mg/ml showed a significant increase in physical capacity when subjected to a stressful situation such as forced swimming after 100 and 200 days of treatment. Such an effect, however, was not obtained with a concentration of 3.0 mg/ml, nor with the ingestion of a suspension of ginseng 5.0 mg/ml, nor of a solution of caffeine 0.1 mg/ml. Guarana, both after a single (3.0 and 30 mg/kg) or chronic administrations (0.3 mg/ml), was able to partially reverse the amnesic effect of scopolamine as measured through a passive avoidance test in mice and rats, indicating a positive effect on memory acquisition. However, no effect was observed when an active avoidance task was used in rats, even after 20 days of guarana administration. There was also a tendency of rats treated with 0.3 mg/ml of guarana to better maintain the memory of a Lashley III maze path. The animals had the same average lifespan, indicating a low toxicity of guarana, even after 23 months of treatment.
摄入剂量为0.3毫克/毫升瓜拉那（巴西香可可，无患子科）悬浮液的小鼠，在接受100天和200天治疗后，当处于诸如强迫游泳等应激状态时，体能显著增加。然而，3.0毫克/毫升的浓度、摄入5.0毫克/毫升人参悬浮液或0.1毫克/毫升咖啡因溶液均未产生这种效果。无论是单次（3.0和30毫克/千克）还是长期（0.3毫克/毫升）给药，瓜拉那都能够部分逆转东莨菪碱的失忆效应，这是通过对小鼠和大鼠进行被动回避试验测得的，表明对记忆获取有积极作用。然而，在大鼠中使用主动回避任务时，即使在给予瓜拉那20天后，也未观察到效果。用0.3毫克/毫升瓜拉那处理的大鼠也有更好地保持对拉什利III型迷宫路径记忆的趋势。这些动物的平均寿命相同，表明即使经过23个月的治疗，瓜拉那的毒性也很低。
