Garrison C Z, Waller J L, Cuffe S P, McKeown R E, Addy C L, Jackson K L
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistic, University of South Carolina, Columbia 29208, USA.
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1997 Apr;36(4):458-65. doi: 10.1097/00004583-199704000-00007.
An epidemiological study conducted between 1987 and 1989 in a single school district in the southeastern United States investigated the incidence, transition probabilities, and risk factors for major depressive disorder (MDD) and dysthymia in adolescents aged 11 to 16 years.
Diagnoses were based on the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children, which was administered to 247 mother-adolescent pairs at 12-month intervals.
One-year MDD and dysthymia incidences were 3.3% (n = 11) and 3.4% (n = 9), respectively. Transition probabilities demonstrated movement from disorder to no disorder over time. Family cohesion (odds ratio = 0.95) was the only significant predictor of incident MDD. No factors were significant for dysthymia. While baseline MDD was a significant risk factor for depression at follow-up, 80% of subjects with baseline MDD did not meet the criteria for diagnosis at follow-up.
Findings suggest perceived family support or cohesion may be more important to adolescent mental health than family structure.
1987年至1989年在美国东南部一个学区开展的一项流行病学研究，调查了11至16岁青少年中重度抑郁症（MDD）和心境恶劣障碍的发病率、转变概率及危险因素。
诊断基于《学龄儿童情感障碍和精神分裂症检查表》，该检查表每隔12个月对247对母亲-青少年进行一次调查。
MDD和心境恶劣障碍的一年发病率分别为3.3%（n = 11）和3.4%（n = 9）。转变概率表明随着时间推移症状从有到无的变化。家庭凝聚力（优势比 = 0.95）是MDD发病的唯一显著预测因素。对于心境恶劣障碍，没有因素具有显著性。虽然基线时的MDD是随访时抑郁的一个显著危险因素，但80%基线时有MDD的受试者在随访时未达到诊断标准。
研究结果表明，感知到的家庭支持或凝聚力对青少年心理健康可能比家庭结构更重要。
