Matthews K A, Shumaker S A, Bowen D J, Langer R D, Hunt J R, Kaplan R M, Klesges R C, Ritenbaugh C
Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
Am Psychol. 1997 Feb;52(2):101-16. doi: 10.1037//0003-066x.52.2.101.
Studies collectively named the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) are currently enrolling 164,500 postmenopausal women in several overlapping clinical trials and an observational study. The overall goals of WHI are to understand the determinants of postmenopausal women's health and to evaluate the efficacy of practical interventions in preventing the major causes of morbidity and mortality in older women. This article reviews the research leading to the WHI studies; describes the study designs and protocols, with an emphasis on what's new about WHI from a psychological perspective; and outlines the major psychosocial hypotheses under investigation and the major challenges WHI presents to psychological science.
统称为“妇女健康倡议”（WHI）的多项研究目前正在招募164,500名绝经后女性参与多项重叠的临床试验和一项观察性研究。WHI的总体目标是了解绝经后女性健康的决定因素，并评估实际干预措施在预防老年女性发病和死亡主要原因方面的效果。本文回顾了促成WHI研究的相关研究；描述了研究设计和方案，重点从心理学角度阐述了WHI的新特点；概述了正在研究的主要社会心理假设以及WHI给心理科学带来的主要挑战。
