Lean M E, Han T S, Prvan T, Richmond P R, Avenell A
University of Glasgow, Department of Human Nutrition, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, UK.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 1997 Apr;51(4):243-8. doi: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1600391.
This randomised controlled trial examined anthropometric changes and cardiovascular benefits of six months of weight management in 110 free living women, aged 18-68 y and BMI 25-50 kg/m2, who received 1200 kcal/d diet treatments of either high (58% energy, n = 57) or low (35% energy, n = 53) carbohydrate (CHO) content. Body weight, plasma total, HDL and LDL cholesterol, triglyceride and blood pressure were measured. Examination at three months showed women on high CHO lost (mean +/- s.e.m) 4.3 +/- 0.5 kg and those on low CHO lost 5.6 +/- 0.6 kg of body weight. Changes in risk factors did not significantly differ between the two diet treatments throughout the study. However those on high CHO diets significantly lowered their plasma total cholesterol by 0.33 mmol/l (95% CI: 0.10, 0.55), LDL cholesterol by 0.23 mmol/l (0.02, 0.43) and HDL cholesterol by 0.05 mmol/l (0.03, 0.10), while women on low CHO diets lowered only plasma triglyceride by 0.28 mmol/l (0.08, 0.48). Blood pressure did not change significantly on either diet. After six months, women on high CHO lost 5.6 +/- 0.8 kg and those on low CHO lost 6.8 +/- 0.8 kg. On the high CHO diet, total cholesterol remained significantly below the baseline value at 0.34 mmol/l (0.13, 0.56), triglyceride was significantly lowered by 0.27 mmol/l (0.10, 0.45), and HDL cholesterol returned to the baseline value. On the low CHO diet, triglyceride remained the only risk factor to be significantly improved. A subgroup of 46 postmenopausal women lost significantly (P < 0.05) more weight on the low CHO diet than high CHO diet. In conclusion, these results provided some support for preferring a high CHO diet to a lower CHO approach in weight management, from the point of view of risk reduction, but do not indicate a consistently more rapid weight loss with either diet.
这项随机对照试验研究了110名年龄在18 - 68岁、体重指数（BMI）为25 - 50kg/m²的非住院女性，进行为期六个月体重管理的人体测量变化和心血管益处。她们接受了每日1200千卡的饮食治疗，碳水化合物（CHO）含量分别为高（占能量的58%，n = 57）或低（占能量的35%，n = 53）。测量了体重、血浆总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白（HDL）和低密度脂蛋白（LDL）胆固醇、甘油三酯以及血压。三个月时的检查显示，高碳水化合物组女性体重减轻了（均值±标准误）4.3±0.5kg，低碳水化合物组女性体重减轻了5.6±0.6kg。在整个研究过程中，两种饮食治疗的风险因素变化没有显著差异。然而，高碳水化合物饮食组女性的血浆总胆固醇显著降低了0.33mmol/l（95%置信区间：0.10，0.55），低密度脂蛋白胆固醇降低了0.23mmol/l（0.02，0.43），高密度脂蛋白胆固醇降低了0.05mmol/l（0.03，0.10），而低碳水化合物饮食组女性仅血浆甘油三酯降低了0.28mmol/l（0.08，0.48）。两种饮食的血压均无显著变化。六个月后，高碳水化合物组女性体重减轻了5.6±0.8kg，低碳水化合物组女性体重减轻了6.8±0.8kg。高碳水化合物饮食组中，总胆固醇仍显著低于基线值0.34mmol/l（0.13，0.56），甘油三酯显著降低了0.27mmol/l（0.10，0.45），高密度脂蛋白胆固醇恢复到基线值。在低碳水化合物饮食组中，甘油三酯仍然是唯一显著改善的风险因素。46名绝经后女性亚组中，低碳水化合物饮食组比高碳水化合物饮食组体重减轻更显著（P < 0.05）。总之，从降低风险的角度来看，这些结果为在体重管理中倾向于高碳水化合物饮食而非低碳水化合物饮食提供了一些支持，但并未表明两种饮食中哪一种始终能更快速地减轻体重。
