Koff E, Bauman C L
Department of Psychology, Wellesley College, MA 0281, USA.
Percept Mot Skills. 1997 Apr;84(2):555-62. doi: 10.2466/pms.1997.84.2.555.
140 college women participating in one of three types of physical education classes (wellness, fitness, sport skills) responded to questions about body image, body-self relations, and lifestyle behaviors at the onset and conclusion of a 6-wk. program. Pre-post changes for the wellness classes involved the largest number of domains and included increased satisfaction with body and physical appearance, more positive assessment of physical fitness and health, higher orientation toward fitness and health, and reports of positive changes in lifestyle behaviors. Pre-post changes for the fitness classes were mainly in the fitness domain, including a more positive assessment of fitness, a higher orientation toward fitness, and an increase in fitness-oriented activities; increased satisfaction with body and physical appearance was also reported. Participation in sport-skills classes produced only one pre-post change, an increase in fitness-oriented activities. Possible reasons for the success of the wellness classes are discussed. Results suggest that participation in wellness classes provides students with a positive, proactive, empowered attitude toward their own health and well-being.
140名参加三种体育课类型（健康、健身、运动技能）之一的大学女生，在一个为期6周的项目开始和结束时，回答了关于身体形象、身体自我关系和生活方式行为的问题。健康课程的前后变化涉及的领域最多，包括对身体和外貌的满意度提高、对身体素质和健康的更积极评价、对健身和健康的更高关注度，以及生活方式行为有积极变化的报告。健身课程的前后变化主要在健身领域，包括对健身的更积极评价、对健身的更高关注度，以及以健身为导向的活动增加；也有对身体和外貌满意度提高的报告。参加运动技能课程只产生了一个前后变化，即以健身为导向的活动增加。讨论了健康课程成功的可能原因。结果表明，参加健康课程为学生提供了对自身健康和幸福的积极、主动、有力量的态度。
