Davies P R, Morrow W E, Rountree W G, Miller D C
Department of Food Animal and Equine Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh 27606, USA.
J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1997 Apr 15;210(8):1173-8.
To define temporal patterns and risk factors for development of decubital ulcers over the tuber of the spine of the scapula (tuber) of lactating sows.
Prospective study.
147 late-gestation sows and gilts.
Females were examined for skin lesions over the tubers, and body condition score, depth of back fat, and depth of soft tissues over the tuber (tuber depth) were determined (day 0). On days 5, 12, 18, 40, 54, and 68, sows were examined for lesions over the tubers. Data on sow parity, date of farrowing, total number of pigs born/litter, and number of stillborn pigs/ litter were obtained from farm records.
Ulcers were recorded for 33 of 206 (16%) shoulders by day 5. Peak prevalence (99/206; 48% of shoulders) was on day 12, and all ulcers had resolved by day 68. Ulcers were more common on the right shoulder. Considerable resolution of ulcers was evident between days 12 and 18, when sows still were housed in farrowing crates. Parity and tuber depth were significantly associated with ulcers and ulcer severity (size) on day 12.
Decubital ulcers in lactating sows are a multifactorial condition. Factors such as floor type are important, but other physiologic and behavioral factors of periparturient swine, including body weight, body condition and mobility of late-gestation animals, duration of farrowing, and patterns of recumbency and activity, appear to be important in the pathogenesis of lesions. Housing sows on hard floors is not a sufficient cause of decubital ulcers over the scapula.
确定哺乳母猪肩胛冈结节（结节）处褥疮性溃疡发生的时间模式和危险因素。
前瞻性研究。
147头妊娠后期的母猪和后备母猪。
检查母猪结节处的皮肤损伤，并测定体况评分、背部脂肪厚度和结节处软组织深度（第0天）。在第5、12、18、40、54和68天，检查母猪结节处的损伤。从农场记录中获取母猪胎次、产仔日期、每窝出生仔猪总数和每窝死产仔猪数的数据。
到第5天，206个肩部中有33个（16%）记录到溃疡。第12天患病率达到峰值（99/206；48%的肩部），到第68天所有溃疡均已愈合。溃疡在右肩更常见。在第12天至18天之间，溃疡有明显的愈合，此时母猪仍饲养在产仔栏中。胎次和结节深度与第12天的溃疡及溃疡严重程度（大小）显著相关。
哺乳母猪的褥疮性溃疡是一种多因素疾病。诸如地面类型等因素很重要，但围产期母猪的其他生理和行为因素，包括体重、妊娠后期动物的体况和活动能力、产仔持续时间以及躺卧和活动模式，在病变的发病机制中似乎也很重要。将母猪饲养在硬地面上并非肩胛部褥疮性溃疡的充分病因。
