Selvaag E
Department of Dermatology, Ullevaal Hospital, University of Oslo, Norway.
Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed. 1996 Oct;12(5):211-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0781.1996.tb00202.x.
The diuretics acetazolamide, bemetizide, bendroflumethiazide, benzthiazide, benzylhydrochlorothiazide, bumetanide, butizide, chlorazanile, chlorothiazide, chlortalidone, clopamide, cyclopenthiazide, cyclothiazide, diazoxide, etozoline, furosemide, hydrochlorothiazide, hydroflumethiazide, indapamide, mefruside, metolazone, piretanide, polythiazide, trichlormethiazide, and xipamide were screened in vitro for phototoxic effects by means of a photohemolysis test. In all, 19 out of the 25 test substances revealed phototoxic hemolytic properties after irradiation with either solar stimulating irradiation, UVA and/or visible light. Addition of the antioxidants ascorbic acid, alpha-tocopherole or superoxide dismutase significantly inhibited the phototoxic hemolysis, as well as did investigations carried out in a nitrogen rich atmosphere, findings which indicate the involvement of reactive oxygen species in the phototoxic process.
通过光溶血试验对利尿剂乙酰唑胺、苄氟噻嗪、苄噻嗪、苄基氢氯噻嗪、布美他尼、布噻嗪、氯拉尼酯、氯噻嗪、氯噻酮、氯帕胺、环戊噻嗪、环噻嗪、二氮嗪、依托唑啉、呋塞米、氢氯噻嗪、氢氟噻嗪、吲达帕胺、美夫西特、美托拉宗、吡咯他尼、多噻嗪、三氯噻嗪和希帕胺进行了体外光毒性作用筛选。总共25种受试物质中有19种在接受太阳模拟辐射、紫外线A和/或可见光照射后表现出光毒性溶血特性。添加抗氧化剂抗坏血酸、α-生育酚或超氧化物歧化酶可显著抑制光毒性溶血，在富氮气氛中进行的研究也有同样效果，这些结果表明活性氧参与了光毒性过程。
