Gromadzińska J, Wasowicz W, Sklodowska M, Bulikowski W, Rydzyński K
Department of Toxicity Evaluation, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland.
Environ Health Perspect. 1996 Dec;104(12):1312-6. doi: 10.1289/ehp.104-1469531.
The concentration of selenium and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) were determined in blood of 34 workers of a tannery in Gniezno, Poland, who worked in an area containing chromium compounds. Fourteen workers were exposed to chromium compounds at concentrations of 0.11 +/- 0.07 mg Cr/m3 (mean +/- SD) and 20 at concentrations 5-10 times lower i.e., 0.022 +/- 0.009 mg Cr/m3. Excretion of Se in urine was measured in all of the investigated workers. Decreased Se concentration in whole blood and blood plasma and elevated TBARS concentration in blood plasma were found in the whole group of investigated tanners as compared to controls. Tanners working in areas with high chromium concentrations had a statistically significant decrease in Se concentration in blood and plasma and decreased urinary excretion of the microelement as compared with other tanners. TBARS concentration was 2.5 times lower in workers exposed to higher chromium concentrations (p < 0.005) than in other workers. Positive linear correlations were found between the concentration of Se in blood and the amount of the element excreted in urine (r = 0.48; p < 0.005), the concentration of Se in blood plasma and in urine (r = 0.46; p < 0.01), and the concentration of Se in blood and erythrocyte GSH-Px activity (r = 0.42; p < 0.02). The observed differences between Se concentration in blood and urine of tannery workers and people who are not employed in the industry may indicate a kind of specific adaptation of the body to the working environment containing chromium compounds.
对波兰格涅兹诺一家制革厂34名在含铬化合物区域工作的工人的血液进行了硒、硫代巴比妥酸反应性物质（TBARS）浓度以及谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）活性的测定。14名工人接触铬化合物的浓度为0.11±0.07 mg Cr/m³（平均值±标准差），另外20名工人接触的浓度比前者低5 - 10倍，即0.022±0.009 mg Cr/m³。对所有受调查工人的尿硒排泄量进行了测量。与对照组相比，在整个受调查的制革工人组中发现全血和血浆中的硒浓度降低，血浆中TBARS浓度升高。与其他制革工人相比，在高铬浓度区域工作的制革工人血液和血浆中的硒浓度有统计学意义的降低，且该微量元素的尿排泄量减少。接触较高铬浓度的工人的TBARS浓度比其他工人低2.5倍（p < 0.005）。发现血液中硒浓度与尿中该元素排泄量之间呈正线性相关（r = 0.48；p < 0.005），血浆和尿中硒浓度之间呈正线性相关（r = 0.46；p < 0.01），血液中硒浓度与红细胞GSH-Px活性之间呈正线性相关（r = 0.42；p < 0.02）。制革工人血液和尿液中硒浓度与非该行业从业人员之间观察到的差异可能表明身体对含铬化合物工作环境的一种特殊适应。
