Eijsbouts X H, Hopman M T, Skinner J S
Department of Physiology, University of Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol. 1997;75(2):177-81. doi: 10.1007/s004210050144.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the hypothesis that changes in physiological responses during arm-cranking exercise using electrical stimulation of the leg muscles (ACE-ES) compared to arm-cranking exercise alone (ACE) in able-bodied subjects (ABS) are based on an increase in active muscle mass rather than the enhancing effect of the leg muscle pump. In ABS the sympathetic nervous system induced vasoconstriction and activity of the leg muscle pump are intact, therefore, a normal redistribution of blood takes place during exercise. Consequently, ES should have no additional effect on the redistribution of blood in these ABS during exercise and, thus, changes in physiological responses will be based on an increase in active muscle mass. A group of 11 ABS performed three maximal arm-cranking tests. In the first test peak power output (POpeak) was determined. The other tests were both submaximal and maximal ACE, once with ACE-ES and once with ACE. The POpeak was not significantly different between ACE-ES and ACE. Oxygen uptake (VO2) increased significantly during ACE-ES compared to ACE. Cardiac output (Qc), stroke volume (SV), heart rate and ventilation were not significantly different during ACE-ES compared to ACE. Respiratory exchange ratios were significantly lower during ACE-ES compared to ACE at 60% POpeak and at maximal exercise. In conclusion, ACE-ES caused significant increases in VO2 with a lack of elevation in Qc and SV during submaximal and maximal exercise in ABS. The results of this study suggest that changes in physiological responses during ACE-ES are based on an increase in the active muscle mass rather than stimulation of the leg muscle pump.
在健全受试者（ABS）中，与单纯的手臂曲柄运动（ACE）相比，使用腿部肌肉电刺激的手臂曲柄运动（ACE-ES）期间生理反应的变化是基于主动肌肉质量的增加，而不是腿部肌肉泵的增强作用。在ABS中，交感神经系统诱导的血管收缩和腿部肌肉泵的活动是完整的，因此，运动期间会发生正常的血液重新分配。因此，在这些ABS运动期间，电刺激对血液重新分配不应有额外影响，因此，生理反应的变化将基于主动肌肉质量的增加。一组11名ABS进行了三次最大手臂曲柄测试。在第一次测试中确定了峰值功率输出（POpeak）。其他测试均为次最大和最大ACE，一次采用ACE-ES，一次采用ACE。ACE-ES和ACE之间的POpeak没有显著差异。与ACE相比，ACE-ES期间的摄氧量（VO2）显著增加。与ACE相比，ACE-ES期间的心输出量（Qc）、每搏输出量（SV）、心率和通气量没有显著差异。在60%POpeak和最大运动时，与ACE相比，ACE-ES期间的呼吸交换率显著降低。总之，在ABS的次最大和最大运动期间，ACE-ES导致VO2显著增加，而Qc和SV没有升高。本研究结果表明，ACE-ES期间生理反应的变化是基于主动肌肉质量的增加，而不是腿部肌肉泵的刺激。
