Lobo L L, Tufik S
Department of Psychobiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Brazil.
Sleep. 1997 Jan;20(1):52-9. doi: 10.1093/sleep/20.1.52.
Both partial and total sleep deprivation frequently result in a rebound of paradoxical sleep (PS), as well as of slow-wave or delta sleep. Acute administration of ethanol inhibits PS in normal volunteers. This effect is dose-dependent and consists of increased latency to and reduced duration of paradoxical sleep. It has also been shown that PS rebound may occur on the same night, as blood alcohol concentration (BAC) declines. The present study examined the effects of sleep deprivation prior to ethanol administration on nocturnal-sleep parameters in healthy male volunteers. Polysomnograms were performed with a randomized, crossover design on baseline, placebo, post-placebo, ethanol (0.9 g/kg), and post-ethanol recovery nights. Subjects were submitted to partial (PSD) (n = 6) or total (TSD) (n = 6) sleep deprivation for 40 hours before placebo or ethanol conditions. Results evidenced a PS inhibition after ethanol treatment in both deprivation groups, despite their sleep debt (PSD, placebo = 103.7 minutes and ethanol = 72.7 minutes; TSD, placebo = 111.8 minutes and ethanol = 76.6 minutes). This inhibition was BAC-dependent and specific to PS, since delta sleep remained unaltered. These effects could be due to the reduction of cholinergic release and/or glutamatergic inhibition, both of which modulate acetylcholine release.
部分睡眠剥夺和完全睡眠剥夺都经常会导致异相睡眠（PS）以及慢波或δ睡眠的反弹。对正常志愿者急性给予乙醇会抑制PS。这种作用呈剂量依赖性，表现为异相睡眠的潜伏期延长和持续时间缩短。研究还表明，随着血液酒精浓度（BAC）下降，异相睡眠反弹可能在同一晚出现。本研究检测了乙醇给药前的睡眠剥夺对健康男性志愿者夜间睡眠参数的影响。采用随机交叉设计，在基线、安慰剂、安慰剂后、乙醇（0.9 g/kg）以及乙醇后恢复夜进行多导睡眠图检查。在安慰剂或乙醇条件前，受试者分别接受40小时的部分睡眠剥夺（PSD）（n = 6）或完全睡眠剥夺（TSD）（n = 6）。结果表明，尽管两个剥夺组都有睡眠债，但乙醇处理后两组的异相睡眠均受到抑制（PSD组，安慰剂组异相睡眠为103.7分钟，乙醇组为72.7分钟；TSD组，安慰剂组异相睡眠为111.8分钟，乙醇组为76.6分钟）。这种抑制作用依赖于BAC且特异于异相睡眠，因为δ睡眠未发生改变。这些效应可能是由于胆碱能释放减少和/或谷氨酸能抑制，二者均调节乙酰胆碱的释放。
