Panigrahi A K, Panda S K, Dixit R K, Rao K V, Acharya S K, Dasarathy S, Nanu A
Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) New Delhi, India.
J Med Virol. 1997 Mar;51(3):167-74.
An enzyme immunoassay (EIA) was developed in-house for the detection of anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibody against the prevailing genotypes in India. The specific reactivity of the test was compared with commercial second and third-generation EIAs and reverse transcription nested polymerase chain reaction (RT-nested PCR). Fifteen thousand nine hundred twenty-two healthy blood donors at the All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India, were screened for anti-HCV antibody. Two hundred ninety-five (1.85%) of these donors were positive. The screening was also used to determine how many patients with acute hepatitis and chronic liver diseases were positive for anti-HCV antibody. Five hundred sixty-four chronic liver disease patients were screened for anti-HCV antibody and 78 (13.83%) were found positive. Two hundred forty-seven sporadic acute viral hepatitis patients were screened for viral infection markers. Hepatitis B and E viruses (HBV and HEV) were the major etiologic agents. HCV was associated with 9% of the acute cases. Anti-HCV core IgM with HCV RNA detection were found to be helpful for the diagnosis of acute HCV infection.
印度一家机构自行研发了一种酶免疫测定法（EIA），用于检测针对印度流行基因型的抗丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）抗体。将该检测方法的特异性反应性与商用第二代和第三代EIA以及逆转录巢式聚合酶链反应（RT - 巢式PCR）进行了比较。对印度新德里全印度医学科学研究所（AIIMS）的15922名健康献血者进行了抗HCV抗体筛查。其中295名（1.85%）献血者呈阳性。该筛查还用于确定多少急性肝炎和慢性肝病患者抗HCV抗体呈阳性。对564名慢性肝病患者进行了抗HCV抗体筛查，发现78名（13.83%）呈阳性。对247名散发性急性病毒性肝炎患者进行了病毒感染标志物筛查。乙型和戊型肝炎病毒（HBV和HEV）是主要病原体。HCV与9%的急性病例有关。发现抗HCV核心IgM与HCV RNA检测有助于急性HCV感染的诊断。
