Rao P U
National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Jamai Osmania P.O. Hyderabad 500 007, India.
Plant Foods Hum Nutr. 1996 Jan;49(1):27-34. doi: 10.1007/BF01092519.
Two varieties of mesta (Hibiscus sabdariffa) seeds were analysed for their proximal composition. Their protein (18.8-22.3%), fat (19.1-22.8%) and dietary fiber (39.5-42.6%) content were found to be high. The seeds were found to be a good source of minerals like phosphorus, magnesium and calcium. Their lysine and tryptophan contents were also high. Sulphur containing amino acids were limiting in this seed protein and the chemical score of mesta seed protein was 40 and 57 for AMV-2 and Bhimili-1 varieties respectively. Mesta seed oil is rich in unsaturate fatty acids (70%), of which linoleic acid constituted 44%. Weanling rats were fed with 10% mesta seed protein before and after cooking for 4 weeks. Food intake of animals receiving raw mesta seed diets was significantly lower than those receiving cooked mesta seed diets as well as the casein control diet. Protein and dry matter digestibilities of raw and cooked mesta seed diets were lower than that of casein control diet. Cooking improved the food intake, gain in body weight, dry matte and protein digestibility of mesta seed diets. PER and NPU of cooked mesta seed diets were significantly higher than the corresponding raw diets. These results indicate that cooked mesta seed protein is of relatively good quality.
对两种黄麻（玫瑰茄）种子进行了近似成分分析。发现它们的蛋白质含量（18.8 - 22.3%）、脂肪含量（19.1 - 22.8%）和膳食纤维含量（39.5 - 42.6%）都很高。这些种子是磷、镁和钙等矿物质的良好来源。它们的赖氨酸和色氨酸含量也很高。含硫氨基酸在这种种子蛋白中含量有限，AMV - 2和Bhimili - 1品种的黄麻种子蛋白化学评分分别为40和57。黄麻种子油富含不饱和脂肪酸（70%），其中亚油酸占44%。给断奶大鼠喂食10%的生熟黄麻种子蛋白，持续4周。食用生黄麻种子日粮的动物采食量显著低于食用熟黄麻种子日粮的动物以及酪蛋白对照日粮的动物。生熟黄麻种子日粮的蛋白质和干物质消化率低于酪蛋白对照日粮。烹饪提高了黄麻种子日粮的采食量、体重增加、干物质和蛋白质消化率。熟黄麻种子日粮的蛋白质功效比值（PER）和净蛋白质利用率（NPU）显著高于相应的生日粮。这些结果表明，熟黄麻种子蛋白质量相对较好。
