Bond W W, Petersen N J, Favero M S
Health Lab Sci. 1977 Oct;14(4):235-52.
In recent years it has become increasingly evident that viral hepatitis type B is a major disease problem among patients and/or health professionals associated with environments such as hemodialysis centers, dental operatories, clinical laboratories, and institutions for the mentally retarded. Studies have incriminated the intramural environment as well as specialized equipment and procedures as important factors in disease transmission. With hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) as a marker of potentially infectious blood or body fluids such as saliva, it is possible to assess the environmental role in transmission of hepatitis B by use of a swab-rinse technique coupled with radioimmune assay. Assay procedures have been developed and utilized for detecting HBsAg on surfaces and in air and for quantitating of HBsAg in thermal and chemical inactivation studies. Specific decontamination strategies and recommendations for sterilization or disinfection procedures are described.
近年来，越来越明显的是，乙型病毒性肝炎是与血液透析中心、牙科诊疗室、临床实验室和智障机构等环境相关的患者和/或卫生专业人员中的一个主要疾病问题。研究已将机构内部环境以及专用设备和程序认定为疾病传播的重要因素。以乙型肝炎表面抗原（HBsAg）作为潜在传染性血液或唾液等体液的标志物，通过使用拭子冲洗技术结合放射免疫测定法，可以评估环境在乙型肝炎传播中的作用。已经开发并利用了检测表面和空气中HBsAg以及在热灭活和化学灭活研究中对HBsAg进行定量的检测程序。描述了特定的去污策略以及灭菌或消毒程序的建议。
