儿童及其父母对城市社区中儿童接触暴力情况的认知。
Children's and parents' perceptions of children's exposure to violence in urban neighborhoods.
作者信息
Hill H M, Jones L P
机构信息
Department of Psychology, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA.
出版信息
J Natl Med Assoc. 1997 Apr;89(4):270-6.
This study examined child and parent perceptions of children's exposure to community violence in a sample of 9 to 12 year olds from high- and low-violence neighborhoods in Washington, DC. More than 75% of the African-American elementary school children sampled indicated that they had witnessed incidents of community violence ranging from homicides to nonfatal shootings, physical assaults, gang violence, robbery with assaults, and rape in their neighborhoods. Yet, almost half of the parents in the study denied that their children had been exposed to any community violence. When these discrepancies were examined, results revealed that children whose parents were in disagreement regarding their exposure to community violence were less likely to experience social support from their peers. Parents' possible lack of awareness as to the experience of their children may place them at further risk by eliminating the possibility for adult-child interaction and guidance regarding their experience with violence in their neighborhoods. Recommendations are provided to assist adults in addressing the needs of children exposed to community violence.
本研究调查了华盛顿特区高暴力社区和低暴力社区9至12岁儿童及其父母对儿童接触社区暴力的看法。在抽样的非裔美国小学生中，超过75%表示他们目睹过社区暴力事件，范围从凶杀案到非致命枪击、人身攻击、帮派暴力、抢劫并伴有攻击行为以及强奸案，这些都发生在他们所在社区。然而，该研究中几乎一半的家长否认他们的孩子接触过任何社区暴力。在对这些差异进行研究时，结果显示，父母对其接触社区暴力存在分歧的孩子，从同龄人那里获得社会支持的可能性较小。父母可能对孩子的经历缺乏了解，这可能会消除成人与孩子就其在社区中遭遇暴力的经历进行互动和指导的可能性，从而使孩子面临更大风险。文中提供了相关建议，以帮助成年人满足接触社区暴力儿童的需求。
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