Petersson E E, Andersson L, Sörensen S
County Council of Västmanland, Västerås, Sweden.
Swed Dent J. 1997;21(1-2):55-68.
This study comprised patients who sought consultation or treatment from a physician or dentist for injury caused by accident in a Swedish county (Västmanland 256510 inhabitants) during a period of one year. A total of 23690 (adjusted for non-responders) individuals were injured during the study period. Five per cent included oral injuries, 95% non-oral injuries, and 0.4% consisted of both oral and non-oral injuries. In total, oral injuries were the sixth most common part of the body that was injured. The incidence of oral injuries was 4.2/1000 inhabitants/year and of non-oral injuries 87.8/1000/year. Because practically all oral injuries were observed in individuals under the age of 30, the comparison between oral and non-oral injuries was made for the age interval 0-30 years. The highest risk of sustaining oral injuries was in the ages 0-12 years, where the annual incidence was 18/1000, making oral injuries the third most common form of injury. The study reveals substantial differences between oral and non-oral injuries with regard to age-groups, site of injury, and injury mechanism. Falls were the most common cause of oral injuries among those 0-6 years of age, whereas push and hit were the primary causes of oral injuries in the ages 16-30 years. Non-oral injuries were caused most frequently by falls in all age groups. Alcohol and violence were more likely related to oral than non-oral injuries for persons in the age interval 16-30 years. The number of oral injuries was higher during weekends and in the late evenings than at other times, whereas most non-oral injuries occurred during day-time hours, and were spread evenly throughout the week. The high incidence and special characteristics of oral injuries stress the importance of including oral injuries to achieve a high validity in body injury surveillance systems. Furthermore, the results indicate that epidemiological data are unique for oral injuries which should be taken into consideration when planning for prevention and organization of emergency resources.
本研究纳入了在瑞典某郡（韦斯特曼兰，居民256,510人）一年内因意外受伤而向医生或牙医寻求咨询或治疗的患者。在研究期间，共有23,690名（针对无应答者进行了调整）个体受伤。其中5%包括口腔损伤，95%为非口腔损伤，0.4%同时包含口腔和非口腔损伤。总体而言，口腔损伤是身体受伤的第六大常见部位。口腔损伤的发生率为4.2/1000居民/年，非口腔损伤的发生率为87.8/1000/年。由于几乎所有口腔损伤都出现在30岁以下的个体中，因此针对0至30岁年龄区间对口腔损伤和非口腔损伤进行了比较。遭受口腔损伤风险最高的是0至12岁年龄段，其年发病率为18/1000，使口腔损伤成为第三大常见损伤形式。该研究揭示了口腔损伤和非口腔损伤在年龄组、损伤部位和损伤机制方面存在显著差异。跌倒在0至6岁年龄段是口腔损伤最常见的原因，而推搡和撞击是16至30岁年龄段口腔损伤的主要原因。在所有年龄组中，非口腔损伤最常见的原因是跌倒。对于16至30岁年龄区间的人群，酒精和暴力与口腔损伤的关联比与非口腔损伤的关联更大。口腔损伤的数量在周末和深夜高于其他时间，而大多数非口腔损伤发生在白天，且在一周内分布均匀。口腔损伤的高发病率和特殊特征凸显了在身体损伤监测系统中纳入口腔损伤以提高有效性的重要性。此外，结果表明口腔损伤的流行病学数据具有独特性，在规划预防措施和组织应急资源时应予以考虑。
