镜像失认症。
Mirror agnosia.
作者信息
Ramachandran V S, Altschuler E L, Hillyer S
机构信息
Brain and Perception Laboratory, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla 92093-0109, USA.
出版信息
Proc Biol Sci. 1997 May 22;264(1382):645-7. doi: 10.1098/rspb.1997.0091.
Normal people rarely confuse the mirror image of an object with a real object so long as they realize they are looking into a mirror. We report a new neurological sign, 'mirror agnosia', following right parietal lesions in which this ability is severely compromised. We studied four right hemisphere stroke patients who had left visual field 'neglect'. i.e. they were indifferent to objects in their left visual field even though they were not blind. We then placed a vertical parasagittal mirror on each patients' right so that they could clearly see the reflection of objects placed in the (neglected) visual field. When shown a candy or pen on their left, the patients kept banging their hand into the mirror or groped behind it attempting to grab the reflection; they did not reach for the real object on the left, even though they were mentally quite lucid and knew they were looking into a mirror. Remarkably, all four patients kept complaining that the object was 'in the mirror', 'outside my reach' or 'behind the mirror'. Thus, even the patients' ability to make simple logical inferences about mirrors has been selectively warped to accommodate the strange new sensory world that they now inhabit. The finding may have implications for understanding how the brain creates representations of mirror reflections.
只要意识到自己在照镜子，正常人很少会将物体的镜像与真实物体混淆。我们报告了一种新的神经学症状——“镜像失认症”，它出现在右侧顶叶病变后，患者的这种能力会严重受损。我们研究了四名患有左侧视野“忽视症”的右半球中风患者，也就是说，他们对左侧视野中的物体漠不关心，即使他们并非失明。然后，我们在每个患者的右侧放置了一面垂直的矢状旁镜，以便他们能清楚地看到放置在（被忽视的）视野中的物体的反射。当在他们左侧展示一块糖果或一支笔时，患者们不断用手撞到镜子上，或者在镜子后面摸索，试图抓住反射影像；他们没有伸手去拿左侧的真实物体，尽管他们头脑相当清醒，并且知道自己在照镜子。值得注意的是，所有四名患者都不断抱怨物体“在镜子里”、“够不着”或“在镜子后面”。因此，即使是患者对镜子进行简单逻辑推理的能力也被选择性地扭曲了，以适应他们现在所处的这个奇怪的新感官世界。这一发现可能对理解大脑如何创建镜像反射的表征具有启示意义。
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