Haynes S G, Harvey C, Montes H, Nickens H, Cohen B H
Health Promotion Sciences Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Am J Public Health. 1990 Dec;80 Suppl(Suppl):47-53. doi: 10.2105/ajph.80.suppl.47.
In the 1982-84 Hispanic Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, the prevalence of cigarette smoking was examined among Mexican Americans, Puerto Ricans, and Cuban Americans in the United States. Among 20-74 years olds, the age-adjusted smoking rates for Mexican American, Puerto Rican, and Cuban American men were high--42.5, 39.8, and 41.6 percent, respectively. Quite striking among Cuban American men was the high smoking rate among 20-34 year olds (50.1 percent), the highest smoking rate in the three Hispanic groups compared. The age-adjusted smoking rates for Mexican American, Puerto Rican, and Cuban American women were much lower than those for men-23.8, 30.3, and 24.4 percent, respectively. Both Puerto Rican and Cuban American men were more likely to be heavy smokers (52.3 and 64.1 percent, respectively, smoking a pack or more a day) as compared to the Mexican Americans (33.8 percent smoking a pack or more a day). The pattern was the same for women, with Mexican American women being lighter smokers (18.8 percent smoking a pack or more a day) as compared to heavy smoking among Puerto Rican and Cuban American women (35.1 and 48.6 percent, respectively, smoking a pack or more a day). Given the health hazards of smoking, future research and intervention are required for those groups with high exposure to cigarette smoking.
在1982 - 1984年西班牙裔健康与营养检查调查中，对美国的墨西哥裔美国人、波多黎各人和古巴裔美国人的吸烟率进行了调查。在20 - 74岁的人群中，墨西哥裔美国男性、波多黎各裔美国男性和古巴裔美国男性的年龄调整吸烟率很高，分别为42.5%、39.8%和41.6%。古巴裔美国男性中20 - 34岁人群的吸烟率很高（50.1%），在三个西班牙裔群体中是最高的，这一点相当引人注目。墨西哥裔美国女性、波多黎各裔美国女性和古巴裔美国女性的年龄调整吸烟率远低于男性，分别为23.8%、30.3%和24.4%。与墨西哥裔美国人（33.8%每天吸烟一包或更多）相比，波多黎各裔美国男性和古巴裔美国男性更有可能成为重度吸烟者（分别为52.3%和64.1%每天吸烟一包或更多）。女性的情况也是如此，墨西哥裔美国女性吸烟量较轻（18.8%每天吸烟一包或更多），而波多黎各裔美国女性和古巴裔美国女性重度吸烟的比例较高（分别为35.1%和48.6%每天吸烟一包或更多）。鉴于吸烟对健康的危害，对于那些吸烟率高的群体，需要进行未来的研究和干预。
