Nederfors T, Isaksson R, Mörnstad H, Dahlöf C
Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Odontology, Göteborg University.
Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 1997 Jun;25(3):211-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0528.1997.tb00928.x.
The aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of subjective perception of dry mouth in an adult population and to determine the prevalence of pharmacotherapy in this population. An additional aim was to assess a possible co-morbidity between symptoms of dry mouth and continuing pharmacotherapy. Four-thousand-two-hundred persons were selected at random from the national census register of the adult population of the southern part of the province of Halland, Sweden. The sample was stratified according to age and sex, and 300 men and an equal number of women aged 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70 and 80, were included. A newly developed questionnaire was mailed to each individual. In addition to questions about subjective perception of dry mouth, the subjects were asked to report on present diseases and continuing pharmacotherapy. Three-thousand-three-hundred and thirteen (80.5%) evaluable questionnaires were returned. The estimated prevalence of xerostomia in the population was 21.3% and 27.3% for men and women, respectively. This difference between the sexes was statistically significant. In non-medicated subjects, women tended to report a higher prevalence of xerostomia compared with men, 18.8% vs. 14.6%, and also among medicated subjects the estimated prevalence of dry mouth was higher for women than for men, 32.5% vs. 28.4%. There was a strong association between xerostomia and increasing age and also between xerostomia and continuing pharmacotherapy. The average prevalence of dry mouth among medicated and non-medicated subjects was 32.1% and 16.9%, respectively, the difference being statistically significant. There was also a strong association between xerostomia and the number of medications. In a logistic regression, the probability of reporting mouth dryness was significantly greater in older subjects and in women, and the probability increased with the number of medications taken. In conclusion, this epidemiological survey of an adult population has demonstrated that women, independent of age, do report a higher prevalence of xerostomia than men and that the symptom of dry mouth is strongly associated with age and pharmacotherapy. It is, however, not possible to discriminate between disease and pharmacotherapy as causal factors.
该研究的目的是评估成年人群中主观口干感的患病率，并确定该人群中药物治疗的患病率。另一个目的是评估口干症状与持续药物治疗之间可能存在的共病情况。从瑞典哈兰省南部成年人口的国家人口普查登记册中随机选取了4200人。样本按年龄和性别分层，纳入了300名男性和同样数量的20岁、30岁、40岁、50岁、60岁、70岁和80岁的女性。一份新开发的问卷被邮寄给每个人。除了关于主观口干感的问题外，还要求受试者报告当前疾病和持续的药物治疗情况。共收回3313份（80.5%）可评估问卷。该人群中口干症的估计患病率男性为21.3%，女性为27.3%。两性之间的这种差异具有统计学意义。在未用药的受试者中，女性报告的口干症患病率往往高于男性，分别为18.8%和14.6%，在用药的受试者中，女性口干症的估计患病率也高于男性，分别为32.5%和28.4%。口干症与年龄增长以及口干症与持续药物治疗之间存在很强的关联。用药和未用药受试者中口干的平均患病率分别为32.1%和16.9%，差异具有统计学意义。口干症与药物数量之间也存在很强的关联。在逻辑回归中，年龄较大的受试者和女性报告口干的可能性明显更大，且随着所服用药物数量的增加而增加。总之，这项对成年人群的流行病学调查表明，无论年龄大小，女性报告的口干症患病率确实高于男性，并且口干症状与年龄和药物治疗密切相关。然而，不可能区分疾病和药物治疗作为因果因素。
