Wittwer U
Berufsförderungswerk Hamburg.
Rehabilitation (Stuttg). 1997 Feb;36(1):22-5.
Under the law on enhancing growth and employment (Wachstums- und Beschäftigungsförderungsgesetz-WFG), the legal entitlement to vocational rehabilitation hitherto stipulated in the employment promotion act (Arbeitsförderungsgesetz-AFG), has been restricted to a narrowly defined population; and pension insurance scheme spending in the entire rehabilitation field been "capped" to the 1993 level minus some 600 million DM. Moreover, the transitional allowance applicable for pension insurance rehabilitees will be lowered. In addition, economies amounting to some 500 million DM have been imposed on the federal employment service Bundesanstalt für Arbeit. These measures are placing persons with disability at a disadvantage, accept exclusion of entire groups of disabled persons, and endanger the very existence of numerous rehabilitation facilities previously established with significant amounts of public funding. A blind eye is being turned on the high level of demand for qualification measures, on the overall economic benefits of rehabilitation measures, and on the fact that measures of this kind are disabled persons' only chance to hold their own in the face of labour market competitiveness. Also, poor awareness seems to exist of the fact that, in the longer run, meaningful contributions to greater economy will more likely be generated by structural adjustment, increased effectiveness, and greater flexibility. The future of vocational rehabilitation is being placed at risk--notwithstanding that vocational rehabilitation for the future is imperative.
根据《促进增长和就业法》（Wachstums- und Beschäftigungsförderungsgesetz - WFG），此前《就业促进法》（Arbeitsförderungsgesetz - AFG）规定的职业康复法定权利已被限制在一个狭义界定的人群范围内；整个康复领域的养老保险计划支出已“上限”设定为1993年的水平减去约6亿德国马克。此外，适用于养老保险康复者的过渡津贴将会降低。此外，联邦就业服务机构联邦劳工局（Bundesanstalt für Arbeit）已被削减了约5亿德国马克的经费。这些措施使残疾人处于不利地位，导致整个残疾人群体被排斥在外，并危及众多此前由大量公共资金建立的康复设施的生存。对于资格培训措施的高需求、康复措施的总体经济效益以及此类措施是残疾人在劳动力市场竞争中立足的唯一机会这一事实，人们视而不见。而且，似乎对这样一个事实认识不足，即从长远来看，通过结构调整、提高效率和增强灵活性更有可能对提高经济效益做出有意义的贡献。职业康复的未来正面临风险——尽管未来的职业康复势在必行。
