Jumpsen J A, Lien E L, Goh Y K, Clandinin M T
Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
Biochim Biophys Acta. 1997 Jul 12;1347(1):40-50. doi: 10.1016/s0005-2760(97)00046-5.
Brain development was examined in the neonatal rat in response to feeding increased levels of 18:3n - 3, 20:4n - 6 or 22:6n - 3 at levels proposed for infant formula. Diets varying in n - 6 to n - 3 fatty acid ratio, with or without 20:4n - 6 and 22:6n - 3 alone or in combination, were fed to nursing dams at parturition and subsequently to weaned pups until six weeks of age. Neuronal and glial cells were isolated from the frontal, cerebellar and hippocampal brain regions of rat pups at birth, one, two, three and six weeks of age. Fatty acid analysis of inositol- and serine- phosphoglycerides indicated that small changes in dietary n - 6 to n - 3 fatty acid ratio significantly affect neuronal and glial cell membrane composition. Fatty acid composition of phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidylserine was distinct and exhibited change with age. Individual brain regions and cell types varied in amount and rate of 20:4n - 6 and 22:6n - 3 accretion. Alteration of brain fatty acid composition reflected the fatty acid composition of the diet fed. If analogous changes occur during human brain development, feeding infants 20:4n - 6 and 22:6n - 3 or a reduced 18:2n - 6 to 18:3n - 3 ratio may alter fatty acid profiles of brain cells.
研究了新生大鼠的大脑发育情况，以回应按照婴儿配方奶粉建议水平增加18:3n - 3、20:4n - 6或22:6n - 3的摄入量。在分娩时给哺乳母鼠喂食n - 6与n - 3脂肪酸比例不同的饮食，这些饮食含有或不含单独或组合的20:4n - 6和22:6n - 3，随后喂食断奶幼崽直至六周龄。在出生时、1周、2周、3周和6周龄时，从大鼠幼崽的额叶、小脑和海马脑区分离出神经元和神经胶质细胞。对肌醇磷脂和丝氨酸磷脂的脂肪酸分析表明，饮食中n - 6与n - 3脂肪酸比例的微小变化会显著影响神经元和神经胶质细胞膜的组成。磷脂酰肌醇和磷脂酰丝氨酸的脂肪酸组成不同，并随年龄变化。不同脑区和细胞类型在20:4n - 6和22:6n - 3的积累量和积累速率上存在差异。大脑脂肪酸组成的改变反映了所喂食饮食的脂肪酸组成。如果在人类大脑发育过程中发生类似变化，给婴儿喂食20:4n - 6和22:6n - 3或降低18:2n - 6与18:3n - 3的比例可能会改变脑细胞的脂肪酸谱。
