Nicklas B J, Rogus E M, Goldberg A P
Department of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, USA.
Am J Physiol. 1997 Jul;273(1 Pt 1):E149-55. doi: 10.1152/ajpendo.1997.273.1.E149.
Weight loss (WL) by hypocaloric diet decreases adipocyte lipolysis and fat oxidation, adaptations that might predispose individuals to regain weight. Our hypothesis was that the addition of endurance exercise (EX) to dietary-induced WL (6 mo; 250-350 kcal/day deficit) would prevent declines in abdominal (ABD) and gluteal (GLT) adipocyte lipolysis and fat oxidation in obese older women. At baseline, the WL (n = 9) and WL+EX (n = 11) groups had similar body composition, fat distribution, aerobic fitness (VO2max), and resting fat metabolism. Reductions in body weight (WL = 11%, WL+EX = 8%), percent body fat, and intra-abdominal fat area with the interventions were similar in both groups, but VO2max increased (9%, P < 0.01) only in the WL+EX group. Basal and adrenergic receptor- and postreceptor-stimulated lipolysis in ABD and GLT adipocytes decreased (20-70%, P < 0.05) in the WL group but did not change in the WL+EX group. Fat oxidation decreased (38%, P < 0.05) in the WL group but not in the WL+EX group. The changes in fat oxidation and GLT lipolysis differed significantly between groups. Fat oxidation correlated positively with ABD and GLT adipocyte basal lipolysis at baseline (r = 0.45 and r = 0.53, P < 0.05), and the changes in fat oxidation with the interventions correlated positively with changes in ABD and GLT adipocyte basal lipolysis (r = 0.50 and r = 0.42. P < 0.05) in the entire group of women. These results indicate that exercise counteracts the decline in fat oxidation with WL, in part by maintaining adipocyte lipolytic responsiveness in some weight-reduced postmenopausal women.
低热量饮食导致的体重减轻会降低脂肪细胞的脂肪分解和脂肪氧化，这些适应性变化可能使个体更容易体重反弹。我们的假设是，在饮食诱导的体重减轻（6个月；每日热量摄入减少250 - 350千卡）基础上增加耐力运动，可防止肥胖老年女性腹部和臀部脂肪细胞的脂肪分解及脂肪氧化下降。基线时，体重减轻组（n = 9）和体重减轻加运动组（n = 11）在身体成分、脂肪分布、有氧适能（最大摄氧量）和静息脂肪代谢方面相似。两组干预后体重（体重减轻组 = 11%，体重减轻加运动组 = 8%）、体脂百分比和腹部脂肪面积的减少相似，但仅体重减轻加运动组的最大摄氧量增加了9%（P < 0.01）。体重减轻组腹部和臀部脂肪细胞的基础、肾上腺素能受体及受体后刺激的脂肪分解减少（20 - 70%，P < 0.05），而体重减轻加运动组未改变。体重减轻组脂肪氧化减少（38%，P < 0.05），体重减轻加运动组则未减少。两组间脂肪氧化和臀部脂肪分解的变化差异显著。基线时脂肪氧化与腹部和臀部脂肪细胞基础脂肪分解呈正相关（r = 0.45和r = 0.53，P < 0.05），在整个女性组中，干预后脂肪氧化的变化与腹部和臀部脂肪细胞基础脂肪分解的变化呈正相关（r = 0.50和r = 0.42，P < 0.05）。这些结果表明，运动可抵消体重减轻导致的脂肪氧化下降，部分原因是在一些体重减轻的绝经后女性中维持脂肪细胞的脂肪分解反应性。
