Murphy A J, Wilson G J
Human Performance Laboratory, NSW Academy of Sport, Sydney, Australia.
J Sports Sci. 1997 Apr;15(2):191-200. doi: 10.1080/026404197367461.
We examined the ability of isokinetic and isoinertial tests of muscular function to track training-induced changes in performance. Subjects completed the following tests before and after training: (1) two isoinertial tests using concentric and eccentric actions; (2) isokinetic knee extension at two velocities; and (3) a one-repetition maximum squat. Further, a 40 m sprint and 6 s cycle test were conducted as measures of athletic performance. The subjects were split into a weights group, which performed heavy squats, and a control group. The results showed that training significantly enhanced sprint time by 2.2%, and the improvement in cycle performance (9%) approached significance (P = 0.09). However, apart from the squat, no measure of muscular function significantly changed because of training. Furthermore, there was no relationship between the training-induced changes in performance and the training-induced changes in the isokinetic and isoinertial tests. The results suggest that tests of muscular function cannot be used to monitor training-induced changes in performance. We considered this to be due to the large degree of variance unaccounted for in the relationship between the scores on tests of muscle function and performance. Therefore, the effectiveness of training should be based on changes in performance rather than changes in test scores of muscle function.
我们研究了肌肉功能的等速和等惯性测试追踪训练引起的运动表现变化的能力。受试者在训练前后完成了以下测试：（1）两项使用向心和离心动作的等惯性测试；（2）两种速度下的等速膝关节伸展；以及（3）一次重复最大深蹲。此外，进行了40米短跑和6秒自行车测试作为运动表现的衡量指标。受试者被分为进行重负荷深蹲的举重组和对照组。结果显示，训练显著提高了短跑时间2.2%，自行车运动表现的改善（9%）接近显著水平（P = 0.09）。然而，除了深蹲外，没有任何肌肉功能指标因训练而发生显著变化。此外，训练引起的运动表现变化与训练引起的等速和等惯性测试变化之间没有关系。结果表明，肌肉功能测试不能用于监测训练引起的运动表现变化。我们认为这是由于肌肉功能测试分数与运动表现之间的关系中存在大量未解释的方差。因此，训练效果应基于运动表现的变化而非肌肉功能测试分数的变化。
