Kawana S
Department of Dermatology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan.
Dermatology. 1997;195(1):30-4. doi: 10.1159/000245680.
In some countries, cyanamide is used as an alcohol intake inhibitor with few harmful side effects. So far 3 cases of allergic contact dermatitis and only 1 of lichenoid drug eruption due to cyanamide have been reported.
We describe the clinical manifestations, course, histopathologic and immunohistochemical findings of 7 cases of cyanamide-induced drug eruption.
Of the 7 patients, 6 developed exfoliative dermatitis and 1 a lichen-planus-like eruption. Three patients with exfoliative dermatitis showed high fever, severe itching, anorexia, insomnia and general malaise, suggesting the diagnosis of hypersensitivity reaction. In all cases, mononuclear cell infiltration in the upper dermis with epidermotropism and dyskeratosis of the epidermal cells were observed histopathologically. The infiltrating cells consisted mainly of T4-positive lymphocytes.
The cyanamide-induced skin reaction may be included in the spectrum of lichenoid drug eruptions, and its incidence may be much higher than previously reported.
在一些国家，氨甲环酸被用作酒精摄入抑制剂，副作用较少。到目前为止，仅报告了3例氨甲环酸引起的过敏性接触性皮炎，仅有1例苔藓样药疹。
我们描述了7例氨甲环酸引起的药疹的临床表现、病程、组织病理学和免疫组化结果。
7例患者中，6例发生剥脱性皮炎，1例发生扁平苔藓样皮疹。3例剥脱性皮炎患者出现高热、严重瘙痒、厌食、失眠和全身不适，提示为超敏反应。所有病例组织病理学观察均显示真皮上部单核细胞浸润伴表皮趋向性和表皮细胞角化不良。浸润细胞主要由T4阳性淋巴细胞组成。
氨甲环酸引起的皮肤反应可能属于苔藓样药疹范畴，其发病率可能比以前报道的要高得多。
