Rath P M, Müller K D, Dermoumi H, Ansorg R
Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie. Universität-GH Essen, Germany.
J Med Microbiol. 1997 Sep;46(9):757-62. doi: 10.1099/00222615-46-9-757.
Phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of 11 strains of Exophiala dermatitidis were investigated. Ten strains (including three reference strains) were isolated from sputum samples of six patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) in Germany, and one reference strain was isolated from a patient with phaeohyphomycosis in Japan. The strains showed differences in their ability to assimilate sorbitol, palatinose, rhamnose, gluconate and melezitose, leading to the differentiation of seven auxotypes. The IC30 of amphotericin B, and ketoconazole and itraconazole, respectively, indicated susceptibility, whereas the IC30 of fluconazole and 5-fluorocytosine indicated resistance in all strains. Protein patterns in SDS-PAGE revealed no major differences. The glycoconjugate patterns distinguished the Japanese strain from the other strains. Cluster analysis of whole-cell fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) profiles with the Microbial Identification System (MIS) revealed two major clusters separating a reference strain and the Japanese strain from the other strains. Analysis of patterns resulting from random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD) with two arbitrary primers showed four genotypes. Comparison of the results revealed no agreement between the different fingerprinting methods, except the separation of the Japanese strain from the European CF strains. As the results of assimilation tests seem to vary between different laboratories, the analysis of FAME profiles and RAPD analysis are recommended for typing E. dermatitidis.
对11株皮炎外瓶霉的表型和基因型特征进行了研究。10株菌株（包括3株参考菌株）从德国6例囊性纤维化（CF）患者的痰液样本中分离得到，1株参考菌株从日本1例暗色丝孢霉病患者中分离得到。这些菌株在同化山梨醇、帕拉金糖、鼠李糖、葡萄糖酸盐和松三糖的能力上存在差异，从而区分出7种营养缺陷型。两性霉素B、酮康唑和伊曲康唑的IC30分别表明这些菌株敏感，而氟康唑和5-氟胞嘧啶的IC30表明所有菌株均耐药。SDS-PAGE中的蛋白质图谱未显示出主要差异。糖缀合物图谱将日本菌株与其他菌株区分开来。使用微生物鉴定系统（MIS）对全细胞脂肪酸甲酯（FAME）谱进行聚类分析，结果显示两个主要聚类，将1株参考菌株和日本菌株与其他菌株分开。用两种任意引物对多态性DNA（RAPD）进行随机扩增所得图谱分析显示有4种基因型。结果比较表明，除了日本菌株与欧洲CF菌株的分离外，不同的指纹图谱方法之间没有一致性。由于不同实验室的同化试验结果似乎存在差异，因此建议采用FAME谱分析和RAPD分析对皮炎外瓶霉进行分型。
