Bolhuis H, van Veen H W, Poolman B, Driessen A J, Konings W N
Department of Microbiology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Haren, The Netherlands.
FEMS Microbiol Rev. 1997 Aug;21(1):55-84. doi: 10.1111/j.1574-6976.1997.tb00345.x.
Drug resistance, mediated by various mechanisms, plays a crucial role in the failure of the drug-based treatment of various infectious diseases. As a result, these infectious diseases re-emerge rapidly and cause many victims every year. Another serious threat is imposed by the development of multidrug resistance (MDR) in eukaryotic (tumor) cells, where many different drugs fail to perform their therapeutic function. One of the causes of the occurrence of MDR in these cells is the action of transmembrane transport proteins that catalyze the active extrusion of a large number of structurally and functionally unrelated compounds out of the cell. The mode of action of these MDR transporters and their apparent lack of substrate specificity is poorly understood and has been subject to many speculations. In this review we will summarize our current knowledge about the occurrence, mechanism and molecular basis of (multi-)drug resistance especially as found in bacteria.
由多种机制介导的耐药性在各种传染病的药物治疗失败中起着关键作用。因此，这些传染病迅速再次出现，每年造成许多受害者。另一个严重威胁是真核（肿瘤）细胞中多药耐药性（MDR）的发展，在这种情况下，许多不同的药物无法发挥其治疗功能。这些细胞中发生MDR的原因之一是跨膜转运蛋白的作用，该蛋白催化大量结构和功能无关的化合物从细胞中主动排出。这些MDR转运蛋白的作用方式及其明显缺乏底物特异性的情况了解甚少，并且一直存在许多推测。在这篇综述中，我们将总结我们目前关于（多）药耐药性的发生、机制和分子基础的知识，特别是在细菌中发现的情况。
