Marsh A P, Martin P E
Exercise and Sport Research Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe 85287-0404, USA.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1997 Sep;29(9):1225-32. doi: 10.1097/00005768-199709000-00016.
To determine the effects of cycling experience, fitness level, and power output on preferred and most economical cycling cadences: 1) the preferred cadence (PC) of 12 male cyclists, 10 male runners, and 10 less-trained male noncyclists was determined at 75, 100, 150, 200, and 250 W for cyclists and runners and 75, 100, 125, 150, and 175 W for the less-trained group; and 2) steady-state aerobic demand was determined at six cadences (50, 65, 80, 95, 110 rpm and PC) at 100, 150, and 200 W for cyclists and runners and 75, 100, and 150 W for less-trained subjects. Cyclists and runners (VO2max: 70.7 +/- 4.1 and 72.5 +/- 2.2 mL.kg-1.min-1, respectively) maintained PC between 90 and 100 rpm at all power outputs and both groups selected similar cadences at each power output. In contrast, the less-trained group (VO2max = 44.2 +/- 2.8 mL.kg-1.min-1) selected lower cadences at all common power outputs and reduced cadence from approximately 80 rpm at 75 W to 65 rpm at 175 W. The preferred cadences of all groups were significantly higher than their respective most economical cadences at all power outputs. Changes in power output had little effect on the most economical cadence, which was between 53.3 and 59.9 rpm, in all groups. It was concluded that cycling experience and minimization of aerobic demand are not critical determinants of PC in well-trained individuals. It was speculated that less-trained noncyclists, who cycled at a higher percentage of VO2max, may have selected lower PC to reduce aerobic demand.
为确定骑行经验、体能水平和功率输出对偏好的和最经济的骑行踏频的影响：1）分别测定了12名男性自行车运动员、10名男性跑步运动员和10名训练较少的男性非自行车运动员在75、100、150、200和250瓦功率（针对自行车运动员和跑步运动员）以及75、100、125、150和175瓦功率（针对训练较少的组）下的偏好踏频（PC）；2）分别测定了自行车运动员和跑步运动员在100、150和200瓦功率以及训练较少的受试者在75、100和150瓦功率下，六个踏频（50、65、80、95、110转/分钟和PC）时的稳态有氧需求。自行车运动员和跑步运动员（最大摄氧量分别为70.7±4.1和72.5±2.2毫升·千克⁻¹·分钟⁻¹）在所有功率输出下的偏好踏频均保持在90至100转/分钟之间，且两组在每个功率输出下选择的踏频相似。相比之下，训练较少的组（最大摄氧量 = 44.2±2.8毫升·千克⁻¹·分钟⁻¹）在所有共同功率输出下选择的踏频较低，踏频从75瓦时的约80转/分钟降至175瓦时的65转/分钟。在所有功率输出下，所有组的偏好踏频均显著高于其各自的最经济踏频。功率输出的变化对最经济踏频影响很小，所有组的最经济踏频在53.3至59.9转/分钟之间。研究得出结论，在训练有素的个体中，骑行经验和有氧需求的最小化并非偏好踏频的关键决定因素。据推测，训练较少的非自行车运动员以较高的最大摄氧量百分比骑行，可能选择较低的偏好踏频以降低有氧需求。
