Furukawa T, Nakanishi M, Hamanaka T
Department of Psychiatry, Nagoya City University School of Medicine, Japan.
Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 1997 Aug;51(4):197-202. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1819.1997.tb02582.x.
The present paper aims to examine whether Typus melancholicus is a distinguishing premorbid personality of unipolar (endogenous) depressive patients vis-à-vis psychiatric patients with different diagnoses and healthy control subjects. Two observer-rated scales for Typus melancholicus were administered to a consecutive series of psychiatric patients (n = 140) and a group of control subjects (n = 84). To the authors' own surprise, the only statistically significant finding was the low Typus melancholicus score among unipolar (endogenous) depressives in comparison with normal controls but not with other psychiatric patients. In addition, this finding held only for one of the two rating scales and among women only. According to the other rating scale for Typus melancholicus, there was no difference between unipolar (endogenous) depressives and the normal control or other psychiatric patients. These findings are discussed with particular emphasis on the methodological aspects of studies of premorbid personality of psychiatric disorders, a favored subject in the psychiatric science for decades.
本文旨在探讨抑郁质人格类型是否是单相（内源性）抑郁症患者相对于不同诊断的精神科患者及健康对照者而言的一种有区别的病前人格。对一系列连续的精神科患者（n = 140）和一组对照者（n = 84）使用了两种由观察者评定的抑郁质人格类型量表。令作者自己惊讶的是，唯一具有统计学显著意义的发现是单相（内源性）抑郁症患者的抑郁质人格类型得分相较于正常对照者较低，但与其他精神科患者相比并无差异。此外，这一发现仅适用于两种评定量表中的一种，且仅在女性中存在。根据另一种抑郁质人格类型评定量表，单相（内源性）抑郁症患者与正常对照者或其他精神科患者之间并无差异。本文对这些发现进行了讨论，特别强调了精神障碍病前人格研究的方法学方面，这是几十年来精神科学中备受青睐的一个主题。
