Hillstrom A P, Logan G D
Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 61820, USA.
J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 1997 Oct;23(5):1561-78; discussion 1579-87. doi: 10.1037//0096-1523.23.5.1561.
Process dissociation is based on 2 assumptions about the processes being dissociated: invariance of the processes across situations, and stochastic independence of the processes. In a recent application of process dissociation to the Stroop task (D. S. Lindsay & L. L. Jacoby, 1994), both of those assumptions were violated. It is argued that these violations were due to (a) an oversimplification of the processing architecture that ignores common stages such as guessing and response selection, (b) an assumption that the more automatic process (word reading) dominates over the intended process (color naming) in determining responses, and (c) an assumption that switching from the more common speeded response instruction (measuring speed) to a deadline response instruction (measuring accuracy) does not change processing. General implications for applying process dissociation to dynamic tasks are discussed.
各加工过程在不同情境下的不变性，以及各加工过程的随机独立性。在最近将加工分离程序应用于斯特鲁普任务的研究中（D. S. 林赛和L. L. 雅可比，1994），这两个假设均未得到满足。有人认为，这些未满足情况是由于：（a）对加工结构的过度简化，忽略了诸如猜测和反应选择等共同阶段；（b）假设在决定反应时，更自动的加工过程（单词阅读）比预期的加工过程（颜色命名）占主导地位；以及（c）假设从更常见的快速反应指令（测量速度）转换为截止时间反应指令（测量准确性）不会改变加工过程。文中讨论了将加工分离程序应用于动态任务的一般意义。
