Kadiri S, Salako B L
Department of Medicine, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria.
East Afr Med J. 1997 May;74(5):303-6.
Ischaemic heart disease (IHD) contributes very little to mortality figures in Nigerians. In this study of 146 middle aged Nigerians (110 males and 36 females) aged 50-54 years, the cardiovascular risk factors of smoking, alcohol ingestion, history of diabetes mellitus, obesity, hypertension and high serum total cholesterol were assessed seeking to confirm the postulated reason for the low prevalence rate of IHD. Prevalence of the risk factors in this random sample population in males and females were as follows respectively: cigarettes 0%; alcohol intake 5.4% in males, 2.8% in females; self reported diabetes 1.8%, 2.8%; obesity 21%, 28%; hypertension 16.4%, 25% and cholesterol > 200 mg/d 6.4%, 13.9%. None of the subjects smoked more than 10 cigarettes a day. Multiple risk factors occurred infrequently in individual subjects. Only five men (4.5%) exhibited two risk factors and only one (0.9%) exhibited three risk factors apart from the gender. Of particular relevance, mean total cholesterol was 148.7 mg/dL (SD +/- 37.9) for the entire group, 143.5 mg/d (SD +/- 36.0) for men, and 153.6 mg/dl (SD +/- 35.3) for women. In the whole group, mean total cholesterol was higher in the hypertensive than the normotensive subjects (P < 0.05). Compared to similar age population from Japan and the United States, the prevalence of the risk factors was generally low. Attention should be on controlling obesity, hypertension and the diet to keep the prevalence low.
缺血性心脏病（IHD）在尼日利亚人的死亡率中所占比例极小。在这项针对146名年龄在50 - 54岁的中年尼日利亚人（110名男性和36名女性）的研究中，对吸烟、饮酒、糖尿病史、肥胖、高血压和高血清总胆固醇等心血管危险因素进行了评估，旨在确认IHD患病率低的假定原因。该随机抽样人群中男性和女性危险因素的患病率分别如下：吸烟0%；男性饮酒率5.4%，女性2.8%；自我报告糖尿病1.8%，2.8%；肥胖21%，28%；高血压16.4%，25%；胆固醇>200mg/d 6.4%，13.9%。没有受试者每天吸烟超过10支。个体受试者中很少出现多种危险因素。除性别外，只有五名男性（4.5%）表现出两种危险因素，只有一名（0.9%）表现出三种危险因素。特别值得注意的是，整个组的平均总胆固醇为148.7mg/dL（标准差±37.9），男性为143.5mg/d（标准差±36.0），女性为153.6mg/dl（标准差±35.3）。在整个组中，高血压患者的平均总胆固醇高于血压正常的受试者（P<0.05）。与来自日本和美国的相似年龄人群相比，这些危险因素的患病率普遍较低。应注意控制肥胖、高血压和饮食，以保持低患病率。
