Martin E M, Pitrak D L, Pursell K J, Mullane K M, Novak R M
Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois-Chicago 60612, USA.
J Int Neuropsychol Soc. 1995 Nov;1(6):575-80. doi: 10.1017/s1355617700000710.
We administered a spatial version of the Delayed Recognition Span Test (DRST), a working memory task performed abnormally by patients with basal ganglia disease, to a group of 96 HIV-seropositive and 83 seronegative subjects with a high prevalence of substance abuse. For comparison purposes, we also administered the Symbol-Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) and the Trail Making Test (TMT), measures which detect HIV-related mental slowing efficiently in gay men but are nonspecifically impaired in subjects with a history of substance abuse. As predicted, scores on the TMT and the SDMT did not discriminate the groups, but HIV-seropositive subjects had significantly shorter spatial spans (p < .007) and DRST total scores (p < .005). These effects could not be attributed to differences in age, education, estimated intelligence, or psychological distress, because the groups were well matched on these variables. The DRST is a promising measure of HIV-related cognitive dysfunction in substance abusers, who are often nonspecifically impaired on psychomotor tasks. These preliminary data also indicate that working memory function should be studied further in HIV-seropositive subjects.
我们对96名HIV血清阳性且有药物滥用高患病率的受试者以及83名血清阴性的受试者进行了空间版延迟识别广度测试（DRST），这是一项基底节疾病患者表现异常的工作记忆任务。为作比较，我们还进行了符号数字模式测试（SDMT）和连线测验（TMT），这些测试能有效检测男同性恋者中与HIV相关的精神迟缓，但在有药物滥用史的受试者中会出现非特异性受损。正如预期的那样，TMT和SDMT的分数无法区分这两组，但HIV血清阳性受试者的空间广度（p <.007）和DRST总分（p <.005）显著更短。这些影响不能归因于年龄、教育程度、估计智力或心理困扰的差异，因为两组在这些变量上匹配良好。DRST是一种很有前景的用于检测药物滥用者中与HIV相关的认知功能障碍的方法，这些药物滥用者在精神运动任务中常常出现非特异性受损。这些初步数据还表明，应对HIV血清阳性受试者的工作记忆功能进行进一步研究。
