Kiehm T G, Anderson J W, Ward K
Am J Clin Nutr. 1976 Aug;29(8):895-9. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/29.8.895.
High carbohydrate diets rich in dietary fiber were fed to 13 hyperglycemic diabetic men; five men required 15 to 28 units of insulin per day, five men required sulfonylureas, and three men required 40 to 55 units of insulin. All 13 men were fed weight maintaining American Diabetic Association diets containing 43% of calories as carbohydrate for 1 week and then were fed 75% carbohydrate diets with 15 g of crude dietary fiber for approximately 2 weeks. After 2 weeks on the 75% carbohydrate diet, sulfonylureas were discontinued in all five men, insulin was discontinued in four men and decreased from 28 to 15 units in 1 man from the group requiring less than 30 units per day. Fasting plasma glucose values were significantly lower (P less than 0.001) in all 10 men. However, insulin requirements and fasting plasma glucose values were not changed in the three men requiring 40 to 55 units of insulin. Fasting serum cholesterol values were significantly (P less than 0.001) lower and mean fasting serum triglyceride values were 15% lower on the high carbohydrate diet than on the American Diabetic Association diet in these 13 men. Thus, a high carbohydrate diet with generous amounts of dietary fiber may be the treatment of choice of diabetic patients requiring sulfonylureas or less than 30 units of insulin per day.
向13名高血糖糖尿病男性提供富含膳食纤维的高碳水化合物饮食；5名男性每天需要15至28单位胰岛素，5名男性需要磺脲类药物，3名男性需要40至55单位胰岛素。所有13名男性先食用维持体重的美国糖尿病协会饮食，其中碳水化合物提供43%的热量，持续1周，然后食用含15克粗膳食纤维的75%碳水化合物饮食，持续约2周。在食用75%碳水化合物饮食2周后，所有5名服用磺脲类药物的男性停药，4名使用胰岛素的男性停药，1名每日胰岛素需求量低于30单位的男性胰岛素用量从28单位降至15单位。所有10名男性的空腹血糖值均显著降低（P<0.001）。然而，3名每日需要40至55单位胰岛素的男性的胰岛素需求量和空腹血糖值没有变化。在这13名男性中，高碳水化合物饮食组的空腹血清胆固醇值显著降低（P<0.001），空腹血清甘油三酯平均水平比美国糖尿病协会饮食组低15%。因此，对于需要磺脲类药物或每日胰岛素用量低于30单位的糖尿病患者，高碳水化合物且富含膳食纤维的饮食可能是首选治疗方案。
