Obisesan T O, Hirsch R, Kosoko O, Carlson L, Parrott M
Department of Internal Medicine, Howard University Hospital, Washington, DC 20060, USA.
J Am Geriatr Soc. 1998 Jan;46(1):1-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.1998.tb01005.x.
To determine the association between alcohol intake and the risk of developing age-related macular degeneration (AMD).
Case control study.
The sample consisted of 3072 adults 45 to 74 years of age with macular changes indicative of AMD who participated in a nationally representative sample of the first National Health Nutrition and Examination Survey (NHANES-1) between 1971 and 1975: (a) the ophthalmology data set and (b) the medical history questionnaire.
Alcohol intake and the risk of developing AMD were measured. AMD was determined by staff at the National Eye Institute by fundoscopy examination using standardized protocol.
Overall, 184 individuals (6%) had AMD. We observed a statistically significant but negative association between AMD and the type of alcohol consumed in a bivariate model (OR 0.86; 95% CI 0.73, 0.99). In the same model, age maintained a consistently strong association with AMD (OR 1.08; 95% CI 1.06-1.11; P < .001). Among the different types of alcohol consumed in NHANES-1 (beer, wine, and liquor), the effect of wine, either alone (OR 0.66; 95% CI 0.55-0.79) or in combination with beer (OR 0.66; 95% CI 0.55-0.79) or liquor (OR 0.74; 95% CI 0.63-0.86), dominated the negative association observed between AMD and alcohol type. Additionally, a statistically significant and negative association between wine and AMD was noted after adjusting for the effect of age, gender, income, history of congestive heart failure, and hypertension (OR 0.81; 95% CI 0.67-0.99).
Moderate wine consumption is associated with decreased odds of developing AMD. Health promotion and disease prevention activities directed at cardiovascular disease may help reduce the rate of AMD-associated blindness among older people. The nature and pathophysiology of this association warrant further investigation.
确定酒精摄入量与年龄相关性黄斑变性（AMD）发病风险之间的关联。
病例对照研究。
样本包括3072名45至74岁的成年人，他们有黄斑病变，提示患有AMD，这些人参与了1971年至1975年期间具有全国代表性的首次国家健康营养与检查调查（NHANES - 1）：（a）眼科数据集和（b）病史调查问卷。
测量酒精摄入量和患AMD的风险。AMD由国家眼科研究所的工作人员通过使用标准化方案的检眼镜检查确定。
总体而言，184人（6%）患有AMD。在双变量模型中，我们观察到AMD与所饮用酒精类型之间存在统计学上显著的负相关（比值比[OR]0.86；95%置信区间[CI]0.73，0.99）。在同一模型中，年龄与AMD始终保持强烈关联（OR 1.08；95% CI 1.06 - 1.11；P <.001）。在NHANES - 1中所饮用的不同类型酒精（啤酒、葡萄酒和烈酒）中，葡萄酒单独饮用（OR 0.66；95% CI 0.55 - 0.79）或与啤酒（OR 0.66；95% CI 0.55 - 0.79）或烈酒（OR 0.74；95% CI 0.63 - 0.86）联合饮用时，主导了AMD与酒精类型之间观察到的负相关。此外，在调整年龄、性别、收入、充血性心力衰竭病史和高血压的影响后，葡萄酒与AMD之间存在统计学上显著的负相关（OR 0.81；95% CI 0.67 - 0.99）。
适度饮用葡萄酒与患AMD的几率降低有关。针对心血管疾病的健康促进和疾病预防活动可能有助于降低老年人中与AMD相关的失明率。这种关联的性质和病理生理学值得进一步研究。
