De Matos I M, Rocha O A, Leite R, Freire-Maia L
Departamento de Farmacologia, ICB-UFMG, Belo Horizonte, M.G., Brazil.
Comp Biochem Physiol C Pharmacol Toxicol Endocrinol. 1997 Oct;118(2):143-8. doi: 10.1016/s0742-8413(97)00086-8.
The effects of drugs were investigated on the induction of acute lung oedema by scorpion Tityus serrulatus venom in male Wistar rats (200-230 g) anaesthetized with sodium pentobarbital (40 mg/kg, i.p.). Intravenous (i.v.) injection of scorpion venom (0.5 mg/kg) into 12 rats induced arterial hypertension and severe lung oedema, whereas i.v. injection of scorpion venom into 16 rats previously injected with commercial heparin induced arterial hypertension, but only a slight lung oedema. It is suggested that the inhibitory effect of commercial heparin on the genesis of lung oedema may be due to a decrease in vascular permeability in the lungs. Previous i.v. injection of aprotinin did not prevent the arterial hypertension and the lung oedema induced by scorpion venom. Previous injections of platelet-activating factor antagonists (BN-52021 and WEB-2170) or of an inhibitor of lipo- and cyclooxygenase (Nordihydroguaiaretic acid) did not prevent the arterial hypertension induced by scorpion venom, but decreased the magnitude of the lung oedema elicited by the venom. Previous injections of inhibitors of 5-lipoxygenase (MK-886) or cyclooxygenase (aspirin or indomethacin) significantly decreased the magnitude of the lung oedema induced by scorpion venom. It is concluded that the release of vascular permeability factors, such as platelet-activating factors, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins may play a role in the induction of acute lung oedema by scorpion venom in rats.
研究了药物对戊巴比妥钠（40mg/kg，腹腔注射）麻醉的雄性Wistar大鼠（200-230g）由蝎子锯齿蝎毒液诱导的急性肺水肿的影响。对12只大鼠静脉注射（i.v.）蝎子毒液（0.5mg/kg）可诱导动脉高血压和严重肺水肿，而对16只先前注射了商业肝素的大鼠静脉注射蝎子毒液则诱导动脉高血压，但仅引起轻微肺水肿。提示商业肝素对肺水肿发生的抑制作用可能是由于肺血管通透性降低。先前静脉注射抑肽酶并不能预防蝎子毒液诱导的动脉高血压和肺水肿。先前注射血小板活化因子拮抗剂（BN-52021和WEB-2170）或脂氧合酶和环氧化酶抑制剂（去甲二氢愈创木酸）不能预防蝎子毒液诱导的动脉高血压，但可减轻毒液引起的肺水肿程度。先前注射5-脂氧合酶抑制剂（MK-886）或环氧化酶抑制剂（阿司匹林或吲哚美辛）可显著减轻蝎子毒液诱导的肺水肿程度。结论是，血管通透性因子如血小板活化因子、白三烯和前列腺素的释放可能在蝎子毒液诱导大鼠急性肺水肿中起作用。
